Education topic 1 - external factors Flashcards
Which social class performs better in education?
Middle class
What percentage of British children are educated in private schools?
7%
What is cultural deprivation?
When students lack the
‘cultural equipment’ to do well in school
Examples of cultural equipment
Language, self-discipline and reasoning skills
By the age of three how fare behind are working class students in comparison to middle class?
1 year
Who do cultural deprivation theorists blame for underachievement of working class students?
The parents
What did Bernstein identify?
Difference between the language used by middle and working class
What is the elaborated code?
wider vocab, based on longer, grammatically more
complex sentences
What was Bernstein’s key concept regarding cultural deprivation?
Elaborated and restricted code
What is Bernstein’s key concepts on cultural deprivation?
Elaborated and restricted codes
Which social class typically uses the elaborated code?
Middle class
What is the restricted code?
Limited vocab and
based on the use of short often
unfinished grammatically simple
sentences
Which social class typically uses the restricted code?
Working class
What is the impact of using the restricted code?
Underachieving in schools as as some children fail to develop the
necessary language skills
How does the elaborated code advantage middle class students
elaborated code is used by the middle class teachers,
text books and exams. It is seen as the correct way to speak and write.
AO3: How is Bernstein different to other cultural deprivation theorists?
Bernstein does not blame home for not properly
socialising children instead he says it should be the schools responsibility to
teach students the elaborated code
What did Douglas find?
working class parents place less value on education
Result of parents placing less emphasis on education?
- less ambition for their own children
- Gave less encouragement
- Took less interest
- Visited schools less
- Less likely to discuss child progress with teachers
What did Feinstein argue?
middle-class parents tend to be better educated and as such socialise children to be more positive toward education
Feinstein’s view on parenting style
Educated parents’ parenting = consistent discipline and high expectations.
Less educated parents = harsher or inconsistent with discipline
Feinstein’s view on parental educational behaviours
Educated parents engage in behaviours such as reading, visiting educational places & foster relationships with teachers.
Feinstein’s view on parental use of income
Better educated parents have higher incomes that they spend on
promoting their children’s educational success e.g. educational toys
How is parents education key to student educational success?
Better educated parents tend to have more successful children at
school regardless of class
