Education-Topic 1 Class differences in education

Question 1

What does cultural deprivation mean?

Answer 1

Lack of norms and values.

Question 2

Is cultural deprivation an Internal or External factor?

Answer 2

External

Question 3

What sociologists argue language is linked to social class

Answer 3

Bereiter and Engelmann

Question 4

Name the sociologist and the two language codes?

Answer 4

Bernstein
Restricted code= Limited vocab, short, unfinished, grammatically simple sentences
Elaborated code= Wider vocab, longer more grammatically correct sentences.

Question 5

Which class uses which language code?

Answer 5

working class use the restricted code
Middle class use the elaborated code

Question 6

What does Douglas state about w/c parents?

Answer 6

That they place less value on education as a result their children are less ambitious.

Question 7

What does Feinstein say is the most important factor affecting children’s achievement?

Answer 7

Parents own educational achievement. Middle class parents tend to be better educated giving their children an advantage via socialisation.

Question 8

which sociologist identifies four characteristics of w/c subcultures?

Answer 8

Sugarman

Question 9

Name 3 w/c subculture characteristics and explain them?

Answer 9

Fatalism= A belief in fate, ‘what will be will be’. w/c students don’t work hard as they see their fate as already decided.
Immediate gratification= Seeking pleasure now rather than making sacrifices to get rewards in the future.
Collectivism= Valuing being part of a group more than succeeding as an individual.

Question 10

What are the two evaluations of cultural deprivation?

Answer 10

Keddie- victim blaming

Compensatory education programmes-Operation head start and sure start.

Question 11

What does material deprivation mean?

Answer 11

Lacking of material and financial recourses

Question 12

Two examples of material deprivation

Answer 12

Housing-Living in poor, small, cramped conditions means there is nowhere to do school work, disturbed sleep from sharing rooms and ill health from damp conditions.
Financial support-Students from low income families must do with out educational trips, equipment. As well as having to work outside of school to earn a wage.

Question 13

Which sociologist talks about capital?

Answer 13

Bordieu

Question 14

What is cultural capital?

Answer 14

Knowledge, attitudes, values and language.

Question 15

What is education capital?

Answer 15

Understanding of how the school system works

Question 16

What is economic capital?

Answer 16

Financial status.

Question 17

What is labelling theory?

Answer 17

To attach a meaning to someone based of their characteristics and background.

Question 18

Which sociologist founded labelling theory?

Answer 18

Becker

Question 19

What is an example of labellig that can be used?

Answer 19

Becker found that in a high school in Chicago teachers judged pupils based of how closely they fitted the image of the ‘ideal pupil.’. Middle class pupils fit this whilst working class students were furthest away from it and labelled as poorly behaved.