education key terms

Question 1

symbolic capital

Answer 1

a term to describe how the working class hide their culture because they see it as inferior to the middle class school culture

Question 2

present-time orientation

Answer 2

living for the moment, without having any long term plans

Question 3

elaborate speech code

Answer 3

middle class speech which contains a wide raging vocabulary and abstract thinking

Question 4

deferred gratification

Answer 4

where middle class students delay their pleasure rather than having rewards immediately

Question 5

privileged skilled chooser

Answer 5

middle class parents who use their educational and cultural capital to chose the best schools

Question 6

collectivism

Answer 6

when working class students prefer to fail as a group rather than succeed as a individual

Question 7

restricted speech code

Answer 7

working class speech which uses a limited vocabulary and is not rewarded at school

Question 8

fatalism

Answer 8

where working class students tend to give up trying to succeed at school

Question 9

anti school subculture

Answer 9

a group of students in school who share attitudes which go against the values of the school

Question 10

habitus

Answer 10

the culture (way of thinking) shared by a social class

Question 11

compensatory educational policies

Answer 11

Government policies aimed at helping students from poorer backgrounds

Question 12

cultural capital

Answer 12

middle class culture which is rewarded at school

Question 13

labelling

Answer 13

when someone is judged in a particular way

Question 14

self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 14

internalising and then acting out the label that has been given

Question 15

streaming/setting

Answer 15

dividing students on their supposed ability

Question 16

A-C economy

Answer 16

a system whereby schools concentrate on those students who are likely to get A-C grades, often ignoring those who won’t

Question 17

cultural deprivation

Answer 17

working class students who are locking the right culture at home, in order to be successful at school

Question 18

material deprivation

Answer 18

where the working class lack money and wealth which can lower their educational achievement

Question 19

polarisation

Answer 19

the creation of two opposite extremes of students due to streaming and setting

Question 20

idealised pupil identity

Answer 20

a white, middle class masculine identity, who achieve through natural ability

Question 21

demonised pupil identity

Answer 21

a black or white working class, hyper sexualised identity who are seen as an unintelligent culturally deprived underachiever

Question 22

model minorities

Answer 22

the way in which some groups, such as chin ease and indian pupils are seen as high achieving students which masks the fact that the education system is insitutionally racist

Question 23

male gaze

Answer 23

the way that makes judge females as sex objects

Question 24

symbolic capital

Answer 24

the status that can be gained through peers

Question 25

bedroom culture

Answer 25

where females spend most of their times inside the home communicating with friends

Question 26

feminism of education

Answer 26

the way in which the education system is dominated by females

Question 27

gender domains

Answer 27

tasks and activities which are specific to either makes or females

Question 28

disciplinarian discourse

Answer 28

when the teachers authority is explicit and visible and where order is maintained through shouting and sarcasm

Question 29

pathologised pupil identity

Answer 29

an asian, deserving poor, feminised identity who over a hive through hard work rather then natural ability

Question 30

liberal chauvinists

Answer 30

teachers who believe that black pupils are culturally deprived and have low expectations of them

Question 31

critical race theory

Answer 31

a belief that racism is an ingrained feature of society

Question 32

multi culturalism

Answer 32

the way in which the education system attempts to promote the cultures of different ethnic groups

Question 33

new IQism

Answer 33

the way in which teachers make false assumptions of the potential of ethnic minority students using old style IQ tests

Question 34

Assimilation

Answer 34

policies aimed at trying to get ethnic minorities to fit in with mainstream british culture

Question 35

overt racist teachers

Answer 35

teachers who believe that some ethnic groups are inferior and delivery discriminate against them

Question 36

colour blind teachers

Answer 36

teachers who believe that all pupils are equal but allow racism to go unchallenged

Question 37

liberal discourse

Answer 37

where a teachers authority is implicit and invisible and where the teachers expects the child to be sensible and respectful

Question 38

racialised expectations

Answer 38

how teachers expect poorer behaviour from some ethnic minority students and misinterpreted their behaviour as threatening

Question 39

institutional racism

Answer 39

the way in which the education system is racist rather than focusing on the actions of individuals

Question 40

ethnocentric curriculum

Answer 40

the way in which the curriculum is focused on the dominant culture

Question 41

gender stereotyping

Answer 41

generalisations of make and female behaviour

Question 42

GIST

Answer 42

a policy to encourage girls to study and pursue careers in science and engineering

Question 43

hyper sexual feminine identity

Answer 43

working class girls who focus their attention and effort on looking glamorous

Question 44

choosers

Answer 44

privileged skilled choosers- middle class parents who understand education

disconnected local choosers- working class with less ambition and don’t understand education, kids stay local

semi skilled choosers- working class who rely on friends to help chose the right school

Question 45

silt-shifting

Answer 45

off loading pupils who are expensive and are likely to get poor results

Question 46

colarisation

Answer 46

where the private sector has accessed parts of the education system

Question 47

educational triage

Answer 47

where students are divided into three groups; those who will pass anyway, those who will definitely fail and those where the school can make a difference to their groups

Question 48

neo liberalism

Answer 48

a political/social/ economic theory which believes in reducing the role of the state and giving more economic freedom to individuals

Question 49

cream skimming

Answer 49

selecting higher ability students who are likely to gain the best results and cost less to teach

Question 50

parentocracy

Answer 50

where power is given to parents in the way education is provided- often by giving them consumer power

Question 51

formula funding

Answer 51

a policy which base school funding on the number of students a school can attract

Question 52

fragmented centralism

Answer 52

where schools are more independent from local authorities but where there is greater control from central government