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Education Flashcards

1
Q

Forster Education act (school to 11)

A

1870

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2
Q

The Butler Education Act (11+ exams and Tripartite)

A

1944

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3
Q

comprehensive schools

A

1965

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4
Q

national curriculum

A

1988

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5
Q

Ofsted and league tables

A

1992

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6
Q

Education and skills act (leave 18)

A

2008

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7
Q

3 advantages of private schools

A

smaller classes, extra curricular, parental input

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8
Q

3 disadvantages of private schools

A

fees, teachers don’t need a teaching degree, SEN classes unavailable

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9
Q

advantages of public school

A

free, provide upward mobility, culturally diverse

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10
Q

disadvantages of public schools

A

big classes, behaviour, hold back high achievers

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11
Q

stephen ball

A

argues system is unclear
LEAGUE TABLES
well informed = “choice”
others “left behind”

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12
Q

how many PMs educated at Eton

A

20 including boris and david

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13
Q

organisation of past pupils that can help “getting on in life “

A

old boys network

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14
Q

2012 oxbridge attendance from private schools

A

40%

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15
Q

2020 oxbridge attendance from private schools

A

30%

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16
Q

sutton trust 2019 study elitist britain how many senior judges private school?

A

71%

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17
Q

sutton trust 2019 study elitist britain how many newspaper columnists private school?

A

33%

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18
Q

daddy durkheim

A

social solidarity = CURICULLUM + belonging

specialist skills = need for social division of labour

acts as mini society

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19
Q

parsons

A

MERITOCRACY

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20
Q

Louis Althusser

A

IDEOLOGICAL STATE APPARATUS= if fail exams except inequality

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21
Q

Bowles and Gintis

A

CORRESPONDENCE PRINCIPLE
“reproduction of the labour force”
“long shadow of work”=social reproduction (schooled to accept role)
HIDDEN CURRICULUM

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22
Q

Pierre Bourdieu

A

CULTURAL CAPITAL
parents with professional jobs= more cultural capital
teachers “on their level”

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23
Q

Paul Willis

A

researched a school in the midlands in a working class housing estate
SUBCULTURE
“lads” “laff”
people who do homework=”earoles”
INSTEAD OF LABELLED seen through schools “lies”= NOT ALL =GOOD JOB no matter how hard they worked
= suitable for MALE DOMINATED MANUAL WORK (easy to get in 1970s)

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24
Q

Diane Reay 1998

A

study of MOTHERS INVOLVEMENT
middle class mothers = better understanding + more articulate and insistant

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25
Becky Francis
WC parents = high aspirations but don't know the SOCIAL CAPITAL to understand the "rules of the game"
26
3 ways the hidden curriculum prepares us for capitalism
HIERARCHY SOCIAL ORDER (rules) COMPETITION
27
3 functions of education
economy selection social mobility
28
marxist 3 functions of education
reproducing class system secondary socialisation breeding competition
29
new right 3 functions of education
believe some more naturally talented open competition national identity
30
1988 Education reform act
conservatives moved away from "equality of opportunity introduced "MARKET PRINCIPLES"(schools like businesses) NATIONAL CURRICULUM NATIONAL TESTING LEAGUE TABLES OFSTED
31
Measure of social class
child free school meals in the last 5 years
32
2022 FSM stat grade 5 in english or maths
29% FSM 57% non FSM
33
cambridge university study food
healthy food costs 3x
34
average cost of school uniform according to children's society in 2020
£300
35
Childrens commission on poverty 2021
4 million children lived with food insecurity
36
league tables create
sink schools
37
national testing creates
exam factories
38
selecting the higher ability students who gain the best results and cost less to teach
cream skimming
39
offloading SEN students who are expensive and produce poor results
silt shifting
40
Ball
late 1970s study Beachside Community School = BANDS WARMED UP + COOLED DOWN
41
Leech and Campos
"SELECTION BY MORTGAGE"
42
oxford uni food
half of low income students reported going hungry
43
Hargreaves
labelling (social class) studied boys secondary 1960s top vs bottom set
44
what are parents spending on average on a childs education
Avia £1000 per year
45
Howard Becker
IDEAL PUPIL
46
Neil Keddie
1970s study = students in diff sets treated diff
47
3 cultural factors
lang skills values parents
48
conservative gov said
"closing the gap"
49
male exclusions in 2016/17
4 times more likely
50
FSM exclusions in 2016/17
4 times more likely (fatalistic outlook)
51
Davis and Moore
role allocation + COMPETITION (the way jobs are given in society) INEQUALITY IS NECCESSARY so important roles = talented people "sifts and sorts"
52
chinese pupils had the highest entry rate to higher education from
2006 - 2021
53
white pupils had the lowest entry rate to uni every year from
2007 - 2021
54
black Caribbean pupils excluded
3 times the rate of white british
55
% of pupils on FSM achieving 5+ A* -C GCSES 2015 ethnicity
chinese girls = 80.6% white british boys=24% white british girls=32%
56
2016 % of pupils achieving 5+ A* -C GCSES ethnicity
chinese = 86% black caribbean ethnicities= 58%
57
external factors (ethnicity)
family background values language material deprivation subcultures
58
internal factors ethnicity
ethnocentric curriculum racism + teachers labelling institutional racism
59
Charles Murray
African Caribbean families have a higher proportion of SINGLE PARENT HOUSEHOLDS absence of male role models = a life of "TURBULANCE" affects academic attainment
60
points out only a MINORITY of black boys respond to a lack of role model in an anti school way usually most prominent in after school clubs and weekend schooling
TONY SEWELL
61
high performance of Indian students indicates language barrier is TEMPORARY
MODOOD
62
minority ethnic parents place more value on education chinese highest achieving FSM group
CONNOR ETAL
63
joseph Rowntree foundation found
over 1/2 of Pakistani and black African children live in poverty
64
TOWER HAMLETS
over 1/2 of Pakistani and black African children live in poverty
65
PEER PRESSURE lone parent = lack of male role model
TONY SEWELL
66
the ethnocentric curriculum people
BALL= RS only Christianity COARD= history = white mans perspective
67
FULLER
studied black girls in year 11 in London high achievers in low sets channelled their anger = success
68
claims teachers have "RACIALISED EXPECTATIONS"
Gilborn & Youdell
69
INSTITUTIONAL RACISM built into the structure of the school = curriculum and language
Trayna & Williams
70
what percentage of new grade 9s do girls get
60%
71
2022
girls outperformed boys and equal in maths
72
2023 grade 4 or higher
71.7% of girls 64,9% of boys
73
reasons for girls low attainment in the 60s
men in top positions boys domination of space the national curriculum the hidden curriculum
74
men in top positions school statistic
2015 = 62% of secondary teachers are female but only 36% of headteachers
75
double standard of morality boys demean girls =sluts but boys are praised
Sue Lees
75
hidden curriculum bug
Ladybird reading scheme in the 50s and 60s showed women in domestic roles
76
sue sharpe
changes to norms and values regarding family patterns
77
equal pay act
1970
78
birth control pill available to all
1961
79
Carolyn Jackson
1.academic work = feminine appearing cool is 2.necessary for boys to be popular 2.laddish behaviour to appear hard= excuse if they failed academically
80
feminisation of schools
coursework primary school teachers = female
81
hidden curriculum = major source of gender role socialisation textbooks = families food technology = females
Heaton & Lawson
82
Radical feminists
see concerns over boys' underachievement as a MORAL PANIC boys still improving achievement just not as fast as girls focus of education is on RAISING BOYS ACHIEVEMENT reflects male dominated system panicking that old patriarchal power relations are starting to break
83
Colley
women are hidden from history subject choice boys computing at 4x the rate of girls
84
degree subjects
women outnumber men in 112 of 180 degree subjects
85
boys account for what % of permanent exclusions
80%

Sociology (4 decks)

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