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Education Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Forster Education act (school to 11)

A

1870

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2
Q

The Butler Education Act (11+ exams and Tripartite)

A

1944

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3
Q

comprehensive schools

A

1965

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4
Q

national curriculum

A

1988

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5
Q

Ofsted and league tables

A

1992

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6
Q

Education and skills act (leave 18)

A

2008

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7
Q

3 advantages of private schools

A

smaller classes, extra curricular, parental input

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8
Q

3 disadvantages of private schools

A

fees, teachers don’t need a teaching degree, SEN classes unavailable

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9
Q

advantages of public school

A

free, provide upward mobility, culturally diverse

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10
Q

disadvantages of public schools

A

big classes, behaviour, hold back high achievers

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11
Q

stephen ball

A

argues system is unclear
LEAGUE TABLES
well informed = “choice”
others “left behind”

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12
Q

how many PMs educated at Eton

A

20 including boris and david

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13
Q

organisation of past pupils that can help “getting on in life “

A

old boys network

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14
Q

2012 oxbridge attendance from private schools

A

40%

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15
Q

2020 oxbridge attendance from private schools

A

30%

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16
Q

sutton trust 2019 study elitist britain how many senior judges private school?

A

71%

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17
Q

sutton trust 2019 study elitist britain how many newspaper columnists private school?

A

33%

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18
Q

daddy durkheim

A

social solidarity = CURICULLUM + belonging

specialist skills = need for social division of labour

acts as mini society

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19
Q

parsons

A

MERITOCRACY

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20
Q

Louis Althusser

A

IDEOLOGICAL STATE APPARATUS= if fail exams except inequality

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21
Q

Bowles and Gintis

A

CORRESPONDENCE PRINCIPLE
“reproduction of the labour force”
“long shadow of work”=social reproduction (schooled to accept role)
HIDDEN CURRICULUM

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22
Q

Pierre Bourdieu

A

CULTURAL CAPITAL
parents with professional jobs= more cultural capital
teachers “on their level”

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23
Q

Paul Willis

A

researched a school in the midlands in a working class housing estate
SUBCULTURE
“lads” “laff”
people who do homework=”earoles”
INSTEAD OF LABELLED seen through schools “lies”= NOT ALL =GOOD JOB no matter how hard they worked
= suitable for MALE DOMINATED MANUAL WORK (easy to get in 1970s)

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24
Q

Diane Reay 1998

A

study of MOTHERS INVOLVEMENT
middle class mothers = better understanding + more articulate and insistant

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25
Q

Becky Francis

A

WC parents = high aspirations but don’t know the SOCIAL CAPITAL to understand the “rules of the game”

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26
Q

3 ways the hidden curriculum prepares us for capitalism

A

HIERARCHY
SOCIAL ORDER (rules)
COMPETITION

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27
Q

3 functions of education

A

economy
selection
social mobility

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28
Q

marxist 3 functions of education

A

reproducing class system
secondary socialisation
breeding competition

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29
Q

new right 3 functions of education

A

believe some more naturally talented
open competition
national identity

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30
Q

1988 Education reform act

A

conservatives moved away from “equality of opportunity
introduced “MARKET PRINCIPLES”(schools like businesses)
NATIONAL CURRICULUM
NATIONAL TESTING
LEAGUE TABLES
OFSTED

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31
Q

Measure of social class

A

child free school meals in the last 5 years

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32
Q

2022 FSM stat grade 5 in english or maths

A

29% FSM 57% non FSM

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33
Q

cambridge university study food

A

healthy food costs 3x

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34
Q

average cost of school uniform according to children’s society in 2020

A

£300

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35
Q

Childrens commission on poverty 2021

A

4 million children lived with food insecurity

36
Q

league tables create

A

sink schools

37
Q

national testing creates

A

exam factories

38
Q

selecting the higher ability students who gain the best results and cost less to teach

A

cream skimming

39
Q

offloading SEN students who are expensive and produce poor results

A

silt shifting

40
Q

Ball

A

late 1970s study Beachside Community School = BANDS
WARMED UP + COOLED DOWN

41
Q

Leech and Campos

A

“SELECTION BY MORTGAGE”

42
Q

oxford uni food

A

half of low income students reported going hungry

43
Q

Hargreaves

A

labelling (social class)
studied boys secondary 1960s
top vs bottom set

44
Q

what are parents spending on average on a childs education

A

Avia £1000 per year

45
Q

Howard Becker

A

IDEAL PUPIL

46
Q

Neil Keddie

A

1970s study = students in diff sets treated diff

47
Q

3 cultural factors

A

lang skills
values
parents

48
Q

conservative gov said

A

“closing the gap”

49
Q

male exclusions in 2016/17

A

4 times more likely

50
Q

FSM exclusions in 2016/17

A

4 times more likely (fatalistic outlook)

51
Q

Davis and Moore

A

role allocation + COMPETITION (the way jobs are given in society)
INEQUALITY IS NECCESSARY so important roles = talented people
“sifts and sorts”

52
Q

chinese pupils had the highest entry rate to higher education from

A

2006 - 2021

53
Q

white pupils had the lowest entry rate to uni every year from

A

2007 - 2021

54
Q

black Caribbean pupils excluded

A

3 times the rate of white british

55
Q

% of pupils on FSM achieving 5+ A* -C GCSES 2015 ethnicity

A

chinese girls = 80.6%
white british boys=24%
white british girls=32%

56
Q

2016 % of pupils achieving 5+ A* -C GCSES
ethnicity

A

chinese = 86%
black caribbean ethnicities= 58%

57
Q

external factors (ethnicity)

A

family background
values
language
material deprivation
subcultures

58
Q

internal factors ethnicity

A

ethnocentric curriculum
racism + teachers
labelling
institutional racism

59
Q

Charles Murray

A

African Caribbean families have a higher proportion of SINGLE PARENT HOUSEHOLDS
absence of male role models = a life of “TURBULANCE”
affects academic attainment

60
Q

points out only a MINORITY of black boys respond to a lack of role model in an anti school way
usually most prominent in after school clubs and weekend schooling

A

TONY SEWELL

61
Q

high performance of Indian students indicates language barrier is TEMPORARY

A

MODOOD

62
Q

minority ethnic parents place more value on education
chinese highest achieving FSM group

A

CONNOR ETAL

63
Q

joseph Rowntree foundation found

A

over 1/2 of Pakistani and black African children live in poverty

64
Q

TOWER HAMLETS

A

over 1/2 of Pakistani and black African children live in poverty

65
Q

PEER PRESSURE
lone parent = lack of male role model

A

TONY SEWELL

66
Q

the ethnocentric curriculum people

A

BALL= RS only Christianity
COARD= history = white mans perspective

67
Q

FULLER

A

studied black girls in year 11 in London
high achievers in low sets
channelled their anger = success

68
Q

claims teachers have “RACIALISED EXPECTATIONS”

A

Gilborn & Youdell

69
Q

INSTITUTIONAL RACISM
built into the structure of the school = curriculum and language

A

Trayna & Williams

70
Q

what percentage of new grade 9s do girls get

A

60%

71
Q

2022

A

girls outperformed boys and equal in maths

72
Q

2023 grade 4 or higher

A

71.7% of girls
64,9% of boys

73
Q

reasons for girls low attainment in the 60s

A

men in top positions
boys domination of space
the national curriculum
the hidden curriculum

74
Q

men in top positions school statistic

A

2015 = 62% of secondary teachers are female but only 36% of headteachers

75
Q

double standard of morality
boys demean girls =sluts
but boys are praised

A

Sue Lees

75
Q

hidden curriculum bug

A

Ladybird reading scheme in the 50s and 60s
showed women in domestic roles

76
Q

sue sharpe

A

changes to norms and values regarding family patterns

77
Q

equal pay act

A

1970

78
Q

birth control pill available to all

A

1961

79
Q

Carolyn Jackson

A

1.academic work = feminine
appearing cool is 2.necessary for boys to be popular
2.laddish behaviour to appear hard= excuse if they failed academically

80
Q

feminisation of schools

A

coursework
primary school teachers = female

81
Q

hidden curriculum = major source of gender role socialisation
textbooks = families
food technology = females

A

Heaton & Lawson

82
Q

Radical feminists

A

see concerns over boys’ underachievement as a MORAL PANIC

boys still improving achievement just not as fast as girls

focus of education is on RAISING BOYS ACHIEVEMENT

reflects male dominated system panicking that old patriarchal power relations are starting to break

83
Q

Colley

A

women are hidden from history
subject choice
boys computing at 4x the rate of girls

84
Q

degree subjects

A

women outnumber men in 112 of 180 degree subjects

85
Q

boys account for what % of permanent exclusions

A

80%

Sociology (4 decks)

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