Education

Question 1

What do Functionalists say about education?

Answer 1

• Suggests education prepares young people for the world of work in a positive way.

Question 2

What do the Marxists say about education?

Answer 2

• they say education legitimises inequality.
• education passes on ruling class ideology that supports capitalism

Question 3

What are some ways functionalists say education prepares you for the world of work?

Answer 3

• secondary socialisation which is passing on core values
• allocation function which sifts people into appropriate jobs
• Equips people with skills needed for the workplace

Question 4

What did Durkheim say about education?

Answer 4

• it passing on norms and values to integrate people in to society, creating social order to strengthen social solidarity

Question 5

What did the Marxists Bowles and Gintis say?

Answer 5

• there is a correspondence between pupil experience of school and adult work. such as:
  -acceptance of hierarchy
  -motivated by grade/pay

Question 6

What did the Marxist Althusser say?

Answer 6

• sees education as ‘ideological state apparatus’, meaning it legitimises inequality, producing a docile and obedient workforce

Question 7

How does Willis disagree with Althusser?

Answer 7

• he thinks education doesn’t prepare you for the workforce some students create anti- subcultures

Question 8

What did Bourdieu say about education?

Answer 8

• cultural capital explains how middle class children go on to fill top jobs

Question 9

What do Marxists disagree on with functionalists?

Answer 9

• meritocracy
• they say education legitimises inequality through meritocracy
• they say a myth of meritocracy means w/c kids are blamed for their results not their social class.

Question 10

What are similarities between Functionalists and Marxists?

Answer 10

• both look at the institutions and the structure of society
• both say education has a huge impact on the individual as it is linked to the economy and work

Question 11

What are differences between functionalists and Marxists?

Answer 11

• Marxists say education reproduces and legitimises inequality.
• Functionalists say education passes on the value of meritocracy and lets people better themselves

Question 12

AO3 of functionalists

Answer 12

• there is evidence that shows difference ion achievement, proves the education is not meritocratic
• ‘who you know’ is more important than ‘what you know’ showing that role allocation isn’t working
• they do not look at social interaction which is the individual experience

Question 13

AO3 of Marxism

Answer 13

• assumes people are passive victims, as they are just socialised into obedience

Question 14

What do Feminists say about education?

Answer 14

• the ‘hidden curriculum’ reinforces gender differences
• there is still gender differences in subject choice
• girls out perform boys but boys demand more attention from the teacher
• men dominate top positions in schools (head teacher)

Question 15

What do liberal feminists say about education?

Answer 15

• equal access to education for both sexes

Question 16

What do radical feminists say about education?

Answer 16

• men are bad influences and they want female-centred education for girls

Question 17

What do Marxist feminists say about education?

Answer 17

• gender inequalities is combined with class and ethnicity

Question 18

What do The New right say about education?

Answer 18

• they believe in individual choice rather than the state interfering
• schools should be more like businesses, competing to attract consumers
• they say because state schools do not have to compete this has caused lower standards
• they want an education market

Question 19

What do Post Modernism say about Education?

Answer 19

• ken Robinson
• Said that school take the creativity out of children

Question 20

What do Late-Modernism/ new labour say about education?

Answer 20

• education policy can be used to ‘colonise the future’ by providing opportunities for re-skilling in an ever changing global labour market

Question 21

What did Hargreaves say about education?

Answer 21

• anti-subcultures develop as a students reaction to labelling

Question 22

What did Mac an Ghail say about education?

Answer 22

• looked at gay people and found that many schools were homosexual
• masculine subcultures
• gay subcultures

Question 23

What is the ‘Hidden Curriculum”

Answer 23

• things that are not explicitly taught, however we learn to accept them.

Question 24

Examples of the ‘Hidden Curriculum’

Answer 24

• Hierarchy
• respect
• punctuality
• grades/pay
• wearing uniform
• having a ‘work ethic’

Question 25

What is the Marxists view of the hidden curriculum

Answer 25

• it prepares us for future exploitation

Question 26

What is globalisation?

Answer 26

• of how a ‘global system’ of education is emerging, beyond the level of individual countries.

Question 27

Ways globalisation is emerging?

Answer 27

• league tables
• digital education
• private/ international schools

Question 28

What do new right say about globalisation?

Answer 28

• league tables = allows comparison of schools creating competition

Question 29

What do neoliberal say about globalisation within international companies like Microsoft/Apple ?

Answer 29

• makes sense as the companies are in a better position to provide services for gov in poorer countries

Question 30

What do Marxists say about international companies with globalisation?

Answer 30

• the brands such as microsoft and apple are mainly focused in Western societies (Capitalist countries)

Question 31

How are private schools and university contributing to globalisation?

Answer 31

• Uk schools and universities are increasingly moving abroad and attracting more students.

Question 32

What is neoliberal perspective of globalisation in education?

Answer 32

• they see it as a positive as it brings in more income as international students pay more.

Question 33

What is Digital education?

Answer 33

• an example is covid and how the development of online schooling has increased making it more accessible and making education more global

Question 34

A03 of globalisation education?

Answer 34

• • increased competition of jobs abroad = children are more motivated to achieve highly as they can get jobs from a global scale. However, a negative of this is it makes it much harder for people to get jobs as they are competing with people all over the world.
• _ the national curriculum should become a global curriculum. Education does not need to be localised. (example History is facts)

Question 35

What did the New right theorists Chubb and Moe say?

Answer 35

• they said the schools should compete to improve standards
• private schools have to answer to the parents meaning standards are higher

Question 36

What did the theorists Ball say?

Answer 36

• Middle class parents move to catchment areas of certain schools for their children to attend