Education

Question 1

Functionalist views on the education system

Answer 1

A strong source off secondary socialisation
Durkheim argued needed a sense of social solidarity (unity) Durkheim also argued that schools create knowledge needed for work, stratification (Davis and Moore)

Question 2

What are universalistic Values?

Answer 2

Shared values and norms e.g., tests and examination

Question 3

Marxist view on education

Answer 3

Althusser- No such thing as meritocracy, believes that ISA, used to keep the ruling class in power
Bowles and Gintis- Hidden curriculum, used for social reproduction
Correspondence principle
Willis- ‘lads’ counter culture and how they are restricting themselves. Shop floor culture

Question 4

Marxist view on education

Answer 4

Althusser- No such thing as meritocracy, believes that ISA, used to keep the ruling class in power
Bowles and Gintis- Hidden curriculum, used for social reproduction
Correspondence principle
Willis- ‘lads’ counterculture and how they are restricting themselves. Shop floor culture

Question 5

New Right View on education

Answer 5

Empathises vocational courses and to decrease government spending, to create a competition, (parental choice)

Question 6

Social Democratic

Answer 6

Massive wastage in ability as many bright working-class students are not being recognised by the educational system. Increase government spending - long term benefits. All standards should be raised

Question 7

Liberal

Answer 7

John Henry Newman, well rounded human beings. More vocationalist view on less academic subjects

Question 8

Radical

Answer 8

Ilich. get rid of schools, learning webs.

Question 9

Particularistic Values

Answer 9

Values that differ from child to child, family to family. In school

Question 10

Alon and Tienda A star case study

Answer 10

That meritocracy is shifting and that the more affluent are more likely to gain academic resources to gain more opportunity.

Question 10

Brown and Tannock

Answer 10

Global meritocracy in the wake of globalization, less national meritocracy. War for global talent.

Question 11

BBC how the UK ranks

Answer 11

• Preschool education is the highest in the UK, however not paid by state, 40% paid by parents.
  -lowest graduate employability rate
  Graduates earn more 48% than pupils who achieved 5 Max GCSEs

Question 12

Social democratic

Answer 12

That government spending should be increased so that social inequality can be reduced, many bright working-class students are being marginalized. As a result of grammar schools being selective, need more comprehensive for equality of opportunity for all students

Question 13

Feminist

Answer 13

Feminists such as Dale Spencer says that education reinforces gender norms, cleaners are usually woman and headmasters are men, even though woman are gaining better qualifications than men they are also highly unrepresented in maths and sciences

Question 14

Postmodernist View on the education system

Answer 14

-Usher says that learning is now more focused on the individual, learning styles are now different because identity is much more fluid.
-More Technology in classrooms etc

Question 15

Materialistic explanations for social inequality

Answer 15

Terisa Noble and Smith say that children who have less material possessions are more likely to be bullied and lag behind their peers at school. Marketisation is also a factor
-Blanent and Gregg- that a 120 pound reduction per week, more students who achieve A star to C grade

Question 16

Cultural explanations to social inequality

Answer 16

Bernstein- argues that working class talk in restricted code whereas upper classes talk into elaborative.
Feinstein- That parental involvement is a factor in education

Question 17

Bourdieu Cultural Capital

Answer 17

Importance placed on knowledge gained by the elites in UK education system, not the fault of poor socialisation but rather the class reproduction of less knowledgeable working class- which means that they cannot socialise their children, at a disadvantage

Question 18

In school factors to explaining inequality