EDUC 10 Flashcards
Unit0: Vision, Mission, and Outcomes
The University Vision, Mission, Core Values, and Quality Policy
UnitI: Nature of the Curriculum
Definition
UnitI: Nature of the Curriculum
Major Conceptions(types, components, purpose)
UnitII: Foundations of Curriculum
Theoretical Foundations and Curriculum Models
UnitII: Foundations of Curriculum
Philosophical Foundations
UnitII: Foundations of Curriculum
Psychological Foundations
UnitII: Foundations of Curriculum
Historical Sociological Foundations
UnitII: Foundations of Curriculum
Legal Foundations
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Curriculum Planning
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Elements of curriculum planning
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Curriculum Design and Organization
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Approaches in curriculum designing
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Types of curriculum design
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Elements of designing
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Components of curriculum design
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Curriculum Implementation
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Models of implementation
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Change processes
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Institutionalization
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Curriculum Evaluation
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Reasons for evaluation
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Types of evaluation
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Evaluation models
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Curriculum Improvement
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Levels of curriculum improvement
UnitIII: Phases and Process of Curriculum Development
Approaches to curriculum improvement
Lesson2: Foundations of the Curriculum
Foundations of curriculum are the considerations of educational programs and policies in the light of an interdisciplinary endeavor involving philosophical, psychological, sociological, and historical understandings.
Lesson2: Foundations of the Curriculum
The foundations of curriculum set the external boundaries of the knowledge of curriculum and define what constitutes valid sources from which to derive the field’s theories, principles, and ideas. Curriculum’s commonly accepted foundations are philosophical, psychological, social and historical areas that are explained as under.
Curriculum Development
It is the process of designing, organizing, improving and implementing educational programs and content to meet specific learning goals and objectives. It involves creating a structured plan that outlines what students need to learn, how they will learn it, and how their learning will be assessed. It aims to Enhance Learning, Ensure Consistency, Promote Engagement, Facilitate Assessment Adapt to Changes.
Foundations of the Curriculum
It refers to the underlying principles, theories, and influences that shape the design, development, and implementation of a curriculum. Guide Curriculum Design Ensure Relevance and Effectiveness Promote Consistency and Quality
Component of the Foundation of Curriculum
Theoretical Foundation
Component of the Foundation of Curriculum
In curriculum development refers to the body of theories and principles that underpin how curricula are designed and implemented. It encompasses various theoretical perspectives that guide educators in creating educational programs that effectively facilitate learning and teaching.
Component of the Foundation of Curriculum
Philosophical foundations
Component of the Foundation of Curriculum
Philosophical foundation in curriculum development guides education’s direction, goals, learning quality, resources, content, and student interactions with society. It encompasses;
Essentialism
is an educational philosophy that emphasizes the importance of teaching students the foundational skills and knowledge
William Bagley is recognized as the leading advocate of essentialism in education. He believed in a back-to-basics approach that emphasizes the importance of core academic subjects and disciplined learning.
Progressivism
is an educational philosophy that emphasizes the need for education to be student-centered, experiential, and relevant to the real world.
John Dewey, the foremost philosopher associated with progressivism, believed in ‘learning by doing’ instead of passive memorization.
Reconstructionism
is an educational philosophy that emphasizes the role of education in addressing social issues and reconstructing society.
Theodore Brameld, the leading philosopher of social reconstructionism, believed education should empower students to become agents of change by critically examining society.
Behaviorism
is a psychological foundation that emphasizes understanding the relationship
Ivan Pavlov is known as the father of classical conditioning theory, the S-R theory.
Connectionism Theory
is a psychological foundation proposed by Edward Thorndike based on the three laws of learning: Laws of readiness, exercise, and effect.
Cognitive Development
is a psychological foundation associated with Jean Piaget’s theory focusing on the development of children’s thinking.
Sociocultural Theory
is a psychological foundation proposed by Lev Vygotsky emphasizing the influence of culture and social interactions on cognitive development.
Multiple Intelligences
is a psychological foundation introduced by Howard Gardner, suggesting that individuals possess different types of intelligence.
Emotional Intelligence
is a psychological foundation introduced by Daniel Goleman, emphasizing the importance of emotional awareness and management in learning and development.
Gestalt
is a school of psychology and a theory of perception that emphasizes the processing of entire patterns and configurations.
Hierarchy of Needs
is a psychological concept introduced by Abraham Maslow, describing a hierarchy of human needs ranging from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.
Counseling Procedures
are methods for facilitating learning introduced by Carl Rogers, focusing on creating a supportive environment for personal growth and development.
Historical Foundations
refer to influences on the curriculum from the past, describing the historical process that has contributed significantly to global change.
Curriculum Development Movement
was started by Franklin Bobbit, who emphasized preparing learners for adult life through purposeful activities.
Purposeful Activities
in curriculum development are child-centered and aim to develop social relationships and small group instruction, as introduced by William Kilpatrick.
Whole Child Development
is emphasized by Harold Rugg in curriculum design, focusing on child-centered approaches and producing outcomes through social studies.
Interrelated Curriculum
is organized around social functions, themes, organized knowledge, and learner’s interests, according to Hollis Caswell.
Problem-Solving Curriculum
is emphasized by Ralph Tyler, who believed in educating generalists rather than specialists, based on student needs and interests.
Concepts Development
and critical thinking in social studies curriculum were influenced by Hilda Taba, who contributed to diverse student populations.
Sociological Foundations of Education
encompass the study of human beings and their complex social life, with a focus on the social conditions of education and the transmission of culture through education.
Influence of Society in Education
is highlighted by Emile Durkheim, who emphasized the impact of social context on individuals’ behavior through schools and civil society.
Future-Oriented Education
is advocated by Alvin Toffler, who believed in preparing students for the future through creative and collaborative learning methods.
Critical Reflections in Education
are promoted by Paolo Freire, who emphasized conscientization and problem-posing approaches to raise students’ consciousness.
Active Learning in Curriculum
is encouraged by John Goodlad, who focused on reducing student conformity, promoting critical thinking, and involving students in planning curriculum content.
What is the major book associated with the concept of reflections and ‘conscientization’?
Pedagogy of the Oppressed, 1968.
Major book: Pedagogy of the Oppressed, 1968.
Who is known for organizing curriculum around the needs of society and students?
John Goodlad (1920-2014)
Major book: A Place Called Schools, 1984; What Are Schools For? 1989.
What does William Pinar emphasize in relation to curriculum?
Broaden the conception of curriculum to enrich the practice.
Curriculum involves multiple disciplines. Curriculum should be studied from a historic, racial, gendered, phenomenological, postmodern, theological, and international perspectives.
What are the legal foundations of the curriculum in the Philippines?
Foundations of curriculum are the considerations of educational programs and policies in the light of an interdisciplinary endeavor involving philosophical, psychological, sociological, and historical understandings.
Major legal bases: The Philippines Constitution.
What is the responsibility of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) in the Philippines?
Responsible for overseeing higher education institutions.
Commission on Higher Education (CHED).
What is the role of the Department of Education (DepED) in the Philippines?
Manages the basic education system.
Department of Education (DepED).
What is the focus of the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) in the Philippines?
Focuses on technical and vocational education.
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).
What is the aim of Republic Act No. 4670 in the Philippines?
Enhance the social and economic status of public school teachers.
Republic Act No. 4670.
What does curriculum planning consider?
Considers the school’s vision, mission, and goals.
Elements of Curriculum Planning.
What is considered as a major source of curriculum?
Society.
Society as a source of curriculum.
What are some sources of the curriculum?
Knowledge about the learners and subject matter are major sources of the curriculum.
(Tyler, 1949)
What is the curriculum intent?
A framework for setting out the aims of a program of education, including the knowledge and understanding gained at each stage.
What are the factors in knowing the curriculum intent?
Aims, goals, and objectives are factors in knowing the curriculum intent.
What does the content component of teaching learning situations refer to?
The important facts, principles, and concepts to be taught.
(Oliva, 2005)
What are the factors in selecting content?
Validity, significance, utility, interest, and learnability are factors in selecting content.
What are learning experiences?
Activities where learners derive experiences that result in changes in behavior.
What are the factors in selecting learning experiences?
Validity, relevance to life, variety, and suitability are factors in selecting learning experiences.
What is evaluation in the context of curriculum planning?
A broader term used to make a judgment about the worth and effectiveness of the curriculum.
What is subject-centered design in curriculum designing?
A curriculum design that focuses on the content of the curriculum.
What is learner-centered design in curriculum designing?
An approach that revolves around the needs, interests, and learning styles of individual students.
What is problem-centered design in curriculum designing?
An approach organized around real-world problems and issues.
What is core-problem design in curriculum designing?
A design that centers on general education and common human activities.
What is recommended curriculum?
The curriculum suggested by educational authorities and organizations, outlining what students should learn.
Life-Situations Design
Basesthecurriculumonthecommonproblemsandchallengespeoplefaceindailylife.
- This approach is organized around real-world problems and issues.
Core-Problem Design
Core-problem design centers on general education and the problems are based on common human activities.
Recommended Curriculum
This is the curriculum suggested by educational authorities and organizations, outlining what studentsshouldlearn.
- Example: The K-12 curriculum in the Philippines,which is mandated by the Departmentof Education, serves as a recommended curriculum designed to provide a comprehensive education from kindergarten through high school.
Written Curriculum
This refers to the official documents that detail the curriculum, such as lesson plansand course outlines.
- Example: A syllabus created by a school that includes the subjects, topics, and learning objectives foraspecific gradelevel is awrittencurriculum
Taught Curriculum
This is what teachers actually deliver in the classroom, including the methodsand activities used to teach the written curriculum.
- Example: A teacher conducting a science experiment in class based on the lesson plan is implementing the taught curriculum
Supported Curriculum
This includes the resources that assist in teaching the curriculum, such astextbooks, software, andothereducational materials.
- Example: A classroom equipped with interactive whiteboards and science lab equipmentto facilitatelearningrepresentsasupportedcurriculum.
Assessed Curriculum
This type encompasses the assessments and evaluations used to measure studentlearning and progress.
- Example: Standardized tests or quizzes given at the end of a unit to evaluate students’ understandingofthematerialarepartoftheassessedcurriculum.
Learned Curriculum
Thisreflectswhatstudentsactuallylearnandretainfromtheireducationalexperiences.
- Example: If students can apply mathematical concepts in real-life situations after completing amath course,thisdemonstratesthelearnedcurriculum.
Hidden Curriculum
This refers to the unspoken or implicit lessons that students learn through the school environmentandculture.
- Example: Students learning the importance of punctuality and respect through school policiesand peerinteractionsisanexampleofthehiddencurriculum.
Behavioral Objectives or Intended Learning Outcomes
Are the reasons for undertaking the learning lesson from the student’s pointof view. It is desired learning outcomes that are to be accomplished in a particular learning episode , engagedinbythelearnersundertheguidanceoftheteacher.
- Are expressed in action words found in the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy ofObjectives( Andersen and Krathwohl,2003 )
- The statement should be SMART : Specific, Attainable, Result-orientedandTime- bounded.
Content/Subject Matter
Thecontentofthelessonorunitisthetopicorsubjectmatterthatwillbecovered.
- Subject Mattershouldbe:
- relevant to the outcomes of the curriculum. An effective curriculum is purposive and clearly focusedontheplannedlearningoutcomes.
- Appropriate to the level of the lesson or unit. An effective curriculum is progressive, leadingstudentstowardsbuildingonpreviouslessons.
- Uptodateandifpossible,shouldreflectcurrentknowledgeandconcepts.
- FollowtheprinciplesofBASICS
References
Ittellswherethecontentorsubjectmatterhasbeentaken.
- Itmaybeabook,amoduleoranypublication.
- Itmustbeartheauthorofthematerial,andifpossiblethepublications.
