EDPS 325 Final Flashcards
Puberty
onrush of hormones. 3-5 years
Menarche
First period (begun ovulation), irregular for years
Spermarche
First ejaculation, erections can occur at infancy. Spermarche @ sleep or direct stimulation
Primary sex characteristics
reproduction (vagina, uterus, ovaries, testicles, penis)
Secondary sex characteristics
indicate sexual maturity (man’s beard, woman’s breasts)
Order of physical development
weight, height, muscle. Lung & heart also increase
Early & late maturing
Early girls: lower self esteem
Early boys: trouble makers
Late boys: anxious
Adolescent egocentrism def
ages 10-13 focus on themselves
Dual process model
2 networks of brain (emotional & analytical)
Base rate neglect
ignores frequency of event. “lucky”
sunk cost fallacy
if money, time, or effort cannot be recovered then more should be invested to reach the goal
Adolescent egocentrism characteristics
personal fables
invincibility fables
imaginary audience
Formal operational thought characteristics
hypothetical thought
deductive reasoning
identity vs. role confusion
Erikson’s 5th stage
Clique
adolescent group of close friends that are loyal and exclude others
Crowd
larger group of adolescents have stuff in common, not necessarily friends
Parasuicide
potentially lethal action that does not result in death
Identity statuses characteristics
achievement
role confusion
foreclosure (parents values)
moratorium (postpone- college)
Parenting adolescents
bickering prevalent
authoritative= best
uninvolved= worst
Emerging adulthood
18-25
Organ reserve
organs allow the body to cope with stress w/ unused functioning ability
Homeostasis
equilibrium. as body ages it takes longer for body to adjust to stress
Schizophrenia
disorganized & bizarre thoughts, delusions, hallucinations, & emotions (1%)
Purposes of sex
Reproduction
Relationship
Recreation
Psychopathology in emerging adulthood
more diagnosed disorders than older groups.
Mood & anxiety disorders & schizophrenia
Postformal thought
More practical, flexible, & dialectical
Dialectical thinking
most advanced. Considering both thesis & antithesis @ same time to arrive @ a synthesis
Fowler’s stages of faith
Stage 1: intuitive-projective faith (magical)
Stage 2: Mythical-literal faith (take myths seriously)
Stage 3: Synthetic-conventional faith (what feels right)
Stage 4: Individual reflective faith (detachment from culture, active commitment)
Stage 5: Conjuctive faith (powerful emotional ideas & rational conscious values)
Stage 6: Universalizing faith (compassion, justice, & love)
Stage 1 faith
Intuitive-projective faith (magical)
Stage 2 faith
Mythical-literal faith (take myths seriously)
Stage 3 faith
Synthetic-conventional faith (What feels right)
Stage 4 faith
Individual-reflective faith (detachment from culture, active commitment)
Stage 5 faith
Conjuctive faith (emotional ideas & rational conscious values)
Stage 6 faith
Universalizing faith (compassion, justice, & love)
Postformal thought characteristics
practical, flexible, & dialectical
combines emotions & rational analysis
Effects of college
healthier & welathier
primary goal: better job & specific skills
secondary goal: general education
Gilligan’s moral development
huge gender differences
girls: morality of care
boys: morality of justice
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Erikson’s 6th stage
self sacrificing commitment
Homogamy
similar in attitudes, interests, goals, socioeconomic, religion, ethnic, local
Heterogamy
dissimilar attitudes, interests, goals, socioeconomic status, religion, ethnic, local
Linked lives
success, health, & well-being connected to other members (parents & children)
Sternberg’s 3 components of love
passion
intimacy
commitment
Sternberg’s 7 types of love
Liking, Companionate, Empty Love, Fatuous Love, Infatuation, Romantic Love, Consumate Love
Liking
Intimacy
Companionate
Intimacy & Commitment
Empty Love
Commitment
Fatuous Love
Passion & Committment
Infatuation
Passion
Romantic Love
Passion & Intimacy
Liking
Intimacy
Consumate Love
Intimacy & Passion & Commitment
Cohabitation characteristics
tend to be younger, poorer, & more likely to end a relationship
more likely to fight
Morbidity
Disease.
Acute (sudden)
Chronic (ongoing)
Mortality
Death
Vitality
Measure of health
How healthy & energetic (physically, intellectually, & socially) an individual feels
Disability
Difficulty in performing normal activities bc of physical mental or emotional conditoin
Menopause
about age 50, periods cease, production of estrogen, progesterone, testosterone drops (1 year after last period)
Andropause
drop in testosterone, reduced sexual desire, erections, & muscle mass
Age of adulthood
25-65
Changes in brain in adulthood
neurons slower
reaction time lengthens
brain size decreases
multitasking harder
Changes in senses in adulthood
vision: peripheral narrows, color goes, nearsightedness increases til middle age & then farsightedness increases, trouble adjusting to darkness/glare
Moderate drinking
2 drinks live longer
Automaticity
thinking without deliberate, conscious thought. Experts save conscious thought for unfamiliar challenges
G intelligence
one basic trait, people have varying levels
Fluid intelligence
learning quick & thorough. short-term memory, abstract thought, speed of thinking
Crystalized Intelligence
accumulated learning. Vocabulary & gen info
Changes in intelligence
increases from 10-18, peak 18-21, decreases after 21
14 & 55 = same iq
sternberg form intelligence
analytic, creative, practical
Familism
family should support one another, sacrificing individual freedom and success to preserve unity
Fictive kin
accepted as part of family, no blood relation
social convoy
family, friends, acquaintances, strangers that move through life with an individual
sandwich generation
middle aged thats squeezed by young & older members
not burdened because enjoy or only take some responsibility
Erikson’s stages of adulthood
identity vs. role confusion
intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. stagnation
Integrity vs. despair
Maslow’s hierarchy
physiology safety love & belonging success & esteem self-actualization
Big 5 personality traits
openness conscientiousness extroversion agreeableness neuroticism
Changes in relationships of couples
first 6 months (happiest) 6 months to 5 years (divorce common) 5 years to 10 years (happiness steady) 10 years to 20 years (happiness dips) 20 years to 30 years (happiness rises) 30 years to 50 years (happiness steady)
Ageism
prejudice based on chronological age
Elderspeak
condescending way resembles baby talk
Gerontology
study of old age
Primary aging
all living creatures
Secondary aging
physical illness thats more common with aging bbut caused by health habits, genes, and other influences
Centenarians
less than 1%
Young old
healthy, vigorous, well integrated
old old
physical, mental, or social defecits
oldest old
dependent on others for almost everything (nursing homes/hospitals)
Priming
easier to remember something, impair cognition w/ stereotype threat
Life review
role in the history of human life
Dementia
irreversible loss of intellectual functioning by organic brain damage, more common with age
Vascular Dementia
sporadic caused by infracts or obstructions to blood vessels
Frontal lobe dementia
amygdala & frontal lob deteroration that causes 15% of all dementias
Lewy Body Dementia
increase in lewy body cells that cause visual hallucinations, loss of attention, falling & fainting
Alzheimer’s
most common, gradual deterioration of memory personality & formation of plaques of beta -amyloid proteins & tangles
Erikson’s final stage
Integrity vs despair
Beanpole
multiple generations only a few members in each
Positivity effect
remember positive images
Aging in place
same home & adjusting but not leaving
3 major stratifications
age, gender, & ethnicity
elderly prefer to live
at home
Filial Responsiblity
adult children obligated to care for aging parents
Theories of late adulthood
self theories (integrity vs. despair) (positivity effect) Stratification (age, gender, ethnicity)
