EDP Unit 1 Test

Question 1

why is the mind difficult to study

Answer 1

emotions aren’t exact, everyone is different, mental processes aren’t observable, behaviors involve a number of processes

Question 2

studies to observe the mind

Answer 2

physiological reports, self reports

Question 3

behavior is

Answer 3

predictable

Question 4

observable behavior reflects

Answer 4

internal processes

Question 5

introspectionism

Answer 5

reflect on own experiences and take notes

Question 6

introspectionism advantages

Answer 6

simple, accessible, easy to try, access to thoughts

Question 7

introspectionism disadvantages

Answer 7

people experience differently, should be more broad, image can have feelings connected that others don’t feel

Question 8

Goals of psychology

Answer 8

describe, predict, understand, influence

Question 9

basic research

Answer 9

science for sake of science (describe, predict, understand)

Question 10

applied science

Answer 10

aims to solve problems (influence)

Question 11

change blindness

Answer 11

when large changes are missed under natural viewing conditions

Question 12

Research Design and Methods 6

Answer 12

research questions, hypothesis, design study, collect data, analyze and interpret, report findings

Question 13

how to measure sleep

Answer 13

EEG

Question 14

why we sleep

Answer 14

restorative role, protective role, consolidation of info

Question 15

stage 1 (NREM)

Answer 15

falling asleep (theta waves)

Question 16

stage 2 (NREM 2)

Answer 16

light sleep, 55% of all sleep, high intense brain waves

Question 17

stage 3 (NREM 3)

Answer 17

20-25% of all sleep, greater muscle relaxation, delta waves

Question 18

REM Sleep

Answer 18

brain activity is similar to wakefulness, 20% of sleeping, when dreaming occurs

Question 19

correlational studies

Answer 19

finding relationship between variables

Question 20

examples of correlational studies

Answer 20

survey method, naturalistic observation, case studies

Question 21

correlational can not prove

Answer 21

causation

Question 22

experimental research can prove

Answer 22

causation

Question 23

what do you have to have for an experiments

Answer 23

random assignment

Question 24

experiment does not require a

Answer 24

random selection

Question 25

results for experiments are not

Answer 25

generalizable

Question 26

descriptive statistics

Answer 26

describe data

Question 27

inferential statistics

Answer 27

what we see means this

Question 28

EEG

Answer 28

measures electricity in brain; precise timing, general location

Question 29

fMRI

Answer 29

measures blood flow; precise location, general timing

Question 30

patient studies

Answer 30

relationship between damaged brain regions

Question 31

single-electrode

Answer 31

identify specialized functions of individual neurons

Question 32

brain lateralization

Answer 32

one hemisphere is more or entirely responsible for a function

Question 33

sensation

Answer 33

taking in external stimuli to be translated to electrical impulses

Question 34

perception

Answer 34

interpreting information received, depends on top-down processing or bottom-up

Question 35

bottom-up processing

Answer 35

driven by sensory info, individual components(lines, shading, texture) data driven, shapes/sizes, no preconceived ideas

Question 36

top-down processing

Answer 36

driven by knowledge, uses prior knowledge, theory driven

Question 37

Gestalt principles

Answer 37

happens automatically, helps us interpret sensory info, fill in blanks/missing pieces

Question 38

Process of attention

Answer 38

input-sensory receptors- perception- short term/working memory

Question 39

dual task paradigm

Answer 39

by separating our attention, there is a cost for not retaining all info.

Question 40

early selection

Answer 40

stimuli filtered out early, but doesn't explain why we hear our name in crowded area

Question 41

late selection

Answer 41

stimuli gets in, moves on, and is the decided if important but doesn't explain why we don't comprehend words in black

Question 42

Treismans Attenuation

Answer 42

info is weakened but no completely filtered

Question 43

capacity theory

Answer 43

tasks require mental effort/cognitive reason

Question 44

4 Models of Attention sads

Answer 44

selective attention, sustained attention, alternating attention, divided attention

Question 45

selective attention

Answer 45

ability to select from many factors or stimuli and to focus on one thing

Question 46

sustained attention

Answer 46

focus on one specific task for long time without being distracted

Question 47

alternating attention

Answer 47

the ability to switch focus between tasks requiring different cognitive demands

Question 48

divided attention

Answer 48

process 2 or more response/ react to 2 or more different demands simultaneously (multi-tasking)