Edith Hamilton Part one Flashcards
Name the three judges of the Underworld.
Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Aeacus.
Who were the sisters of the gorgons who shared one eye and one tooth between them?
the Graiae
Which child of Iapetus had Pandora for a wife?
Epimetheus
What creature sent by Hera drove Io mad?
a gadfly
Who kidnapped Persephone to make her his wife?
Hades
Who predicted to Prometheus that he would be released from his chains by one of ther descendants?
Io
What were the Sileni?
creatures part man, part horse, that walked on two legs, had horses hooves and tails and sometimes horsesʼ ears.
Name the three gorgons.
Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa
What does “Dis” mean?
rich
How many Cyclopes were there origially?
3
Who killed Medusa?
Perseus
What was unusual about Argus?
He had 100 eyes and never closed all of them at once.
Into what flower was Hyacinthus changed?
the hyacinth
Castor and Pollux also became deities. Whom did they protect?
shipwrecked sailors
What Greek hero, returning from the Trojan War, encountered a Cyclops?
Odysseus
Who was the son of Io and Zeus?
Epaphus
Name the 4 mountains of the Muses.
Helicon, Pierus, Olympus and Parnassus.
Who killed Argus and took Io?
Hermes
Which of the Fates spun the thread of human life?
Clotho
What were the Lemures?
spirits of the wicked dead
What were the Manes?
the spirits of the god dead in Hades
Who killed Acis?
Polyphemus
Who was the King of the Winds?
Aeolus
Which river in the underworld is known as the river of forgetfulness?
Lethe
Who was the first woman in Greek mythology?
Pandora
Who is the Muse of history?
Clio
In another version of the story, a jealous wind god kills Hyacinthus. Which one?
Zephyr
What king of Thebes was torn apart by his own mother when she was infected with the madness of Dionysus?
Pentheus
What game were Apollo and Hyacinthus playing when Hyacinthus was killed?
discus
What does Axine mean?
Unfriendly
What does Bosphorus mean?
Cow Ford
Who was the wife of Oceanus?
Tethys
With whom did Narcissus fall in love?
his reflection
To what island did Rhea smuggle Zeus to prevent his being swallowed by his father?
Crete
What sea deity was known as the “Old Man of the Sea”?
Nereus
What were centaurs?
creatures half man, half horse.
On what mountain did the gods live?
Mt. Olympus
What comes out of the gate of ivory?
false dreams
Who is the Muse of dance?
Terpsichore
What youth spent half a year in the underworld with Persephone and half a year with Aphrodite?
Adonis
Which of Zeusʼs sisters is sometimes not considered to be one of the twelve Olympians?
Demeter
Who was the husband of Metaneira and the father of Demophon?
Celeus
Aphrodite is usually listed as the wife of Hephaestus. When she is not, which of the Graces is his wife?
Aglaia
Name the ferryman who carries souls across the river Styx (Cocytus in some versions).
Charon
Who is the Grace known for “splendor”?
Aglaia
What was the aegis?
the breastplate of Zeus (often worn by Athena) on which she placed the Gorgonʼs head
Which two goddesses loved Adonis?
Aphrodite and Persephone
What Titan was condemned to hold up the heavens on his shoulders?
Atlas
Of what was Saturn the god?
Sowers and Seed
What bird ate at Prometheusʼ liver each day?
an eagle
What Titan avenged the hecatoncheires by castrating his father?
Cronus
What is the reign of Saturn in Italy called?
The Golden Age
Who is the Muse of tragedy?
Melpomene
What kind of nymphs were the Meliae?
ash tree nymphs
What kind of nymphs are nereids?
sea nymphs
Where did Zeus take Europa (a land, not a continent)?
Crete
What kind of nymphs were naiads?
fresh water nymphs (springs and grottos)
How was Dionysus saved from his burning mother?
Zeus sewed him up in his thigh
Name the 3 Fates.
Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos
Which of the Fates twisted and measured the thread of human life?
Lachesis
Which child of Iapetus stole fire for mankind?
Prometheus
What does Epimetheus mean?
Afterthought
What were the hecatoncheires?
giants with a hundred hands and 50 heads, children of Uranus and Gaea
Io was returned to human form when she reached what body of water?
the Nile
Who is the Muse of astronomy?
Urania
Who was Quirinus?
the deified Romulus
Who killed the eagle and set Prometheus free?
Hercules
Which river in the underworld is known as the river of woe?
Acheron
There are two gates in the Underworld. Name them.
the gate of ivory and the gate of horn.
Into what flower was Narcissus changed?
the narcissus
What was the name of the Cyclops encountered by Odysseus?
Polyphemus
Which Roman god was considered a strengthener of callte?
Pales
Who was the king of the Titans who was overthrown by Zeus?
Cronus
What hero helped the gods when the Giants later rebelled against the Olympians?
Hercules
What youth did Galatea prefer to Polyphemus?
Acis
How were Deucalion and Pyrrha instructed to restore the human race?
To throw their motherʼs bones behind their backs. The bones were the stones and they were changed into men and women.
Who is the Muse of lyric poetry?
Euterpe
What comes out of the gate of horn?
true dreams
Who was the Roman goddess of childbirth?
Lucina
What deities were known as the Dioscuri and the Tyndaridae?
Castor and Pollux
What does Prometheus mean?
Forethought
Who was Demophonʼs mother who snatched him from the flames?
Metaneira
According to Hesiod, what are the five ages of man?
The golden age, silver age, bronze age, age of heroes, iron age
For how many months does Persephone remain in the Underworld?
4 months
What does “Cyclops” mean?
wheel-eyed
Which river in the underworld is known as the river of fire?
Phlegethon
What does “Erinyes” mean?
the “Appeased”.
What monsters sprang from the blood of the wounded Uranus?
the Giants and the Furies
What Titan was the father of the sun, moon, and dawn?
Hyperion
What Titan was the father of Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Atlas?
Iapetus
What does Pandora mean?
“gift of all”
Name the four major winds in Greek.
Zephyr—West Wind, Notus—South Wind, Boreas—North Wind, Eurus—East Wind
What nymphs of springs were the Roman equivalent to the Muses?
Camenae
Which river in the underworld is known as the river of lamentation?
Cocytus
Which child of Iapetus was condemned to hold up the heavens on his shoulders?
Atlas
What were the 50 daughters of Nereus and Doris called?
Nereids
Who was the child of Erebus and Night?
Love (Eros)
Name the four major winds in Latin.
Favonius—West Wind, Auster—South Wind, Aquilo—North Wind, Eurus—East Wind
What gift had Polyphemus promised Odysseus?
to eat him last
Into what was Syrinx changed?
reeds
Who were the godesses in the Underworld who punished unnatural crimes?
the Furies
Name the Muses.
Melpomene, Thalia, Polyhymnia, Terpsichore, Clio, Urania, Erato, Calliope, and Euterpe.
Who were the two children of Chaos?
Erebus and Night
Which god is sometimes called “Dis”?
Pluto
What story did Hermes tell Argus to lull him to sleep?
The love story of Pan and Syrinx
Which Titan gave fire to mankind?
Prometheus
Which Roman god was the helper of plowmen and woodcutters?
Sylvanus
Who is the Muse of epic poetry?
Calliope
Which Titan who presided over memory is, in some versions of the story, the mother of Athena?
Mnemosyne
Who was the Roman god of boundaries?
Terminus
Which of the Fates cut the thread of human life?
Atropos
What was Cronusʼ Latin name?
Saturn
Who changed Io back to human form?
Zeus
To whom had Hera given Io for save-keeping?
Argus
What were the followers of Bacchus called?
Maenads or Bacchantes
What does Euxine mean?
Friendly
What nymphs cared for the infant Dionysus?
the Hyades or the nymphs of Nysa
Who were the parents of the Titans?
Uranus and Gaea
Into what did Dionysus change the pirates who tried to capture him?
Dolphins
Who is the Muse of love poetry?
Erato
What is the Greek form of Polluxʼs name?
Polydeuces
Although Apollo is often listed as god of the sun, what child of the Titan Hyperion is more accurately the sun god?
Helios
Which of his children did Uranus bury in the earth?
the hecatoncheires
Whom did Zeus seduce in the guise of a bull?
Europa
Who was the mother of Persephone?
Demeter
What Theban princess killed her son under the influence of Dionysus?
Agave
What did Odysseus originally tell Polyphemus his name was?
“No Man”
Which of the gorgons was mortal?
Medusa
For what crimes was Prometheus chained to the Caucasus?
for refusing to reveal to Zeus the name of the mother of the child that would dethrone him and for stealing fire.
Who was the father of Deucalion?
Prometheus
What youn child did Demeter attempt to make immortal by annointing him with ambrosia and placing him in a hot fire?
Demophon
Who/what were the Sirens?
creatures with beautiful voices who lured sailors to their death
What Titan presided over justice?
Themis
What kind of nymphs are Oceanids?
Nymphs of the river Ocean
What is Opsʼ name in Greek?
Rhea
What two creatures arose from Love?
Light and Day
What body of water is named for the fact that Io crossed it?
the Bosphorus.
Who is the Grace known for “good cheer”?
Thalia
What kind of nymphs were oreads?
mountain nymphs
Europa was a princess of what city?
Sidon
What was the name of the Titan that encircled the earth?
Oceanus
Besides Bacchus, what Latin name was given to Dionysus?
Liber
With what youth did Echo fall in love?
Narcissus
What three deities were worshipped at Eleusis?
Demeter, Persephone, and Dionysus
Name the 5 rivers of the underworld.
Acheron, Cocytus, Styx, Phlegethon, and Lethe.
What flower grew from the blood of Adonis?
the red anemone (windflower)
Who was Father Heaven?
Ouranos (Uranus)
What sea was called both the Axine and the Euxine Sea by the Greeks?
the Black Sea
Into what had Zeus changed Io?
a cow or heifer
Who was the wife of Saturn and the “harvest helper”?
Ops
What monsters, released from their prison by Zeus, helped Zeus defeat the Titans?
hecatoncheires
When the human race was destroyed by the Great Flood, who were the only two humans to survive?
Deucalion and Pyrrha
Who were Europaʼs sons by Zeus who became judges of the dead?
Minos and Rhadamanthys
Who was the youngest child of Cronus and Rhea?
Zeus
Who is the Grace known for “mirth”?
Euphrosyne
Who was the goddess of witchcraft and the dark side of the moon?
Hecate
Who is the Muse of comedy?
Thalia
Who were the parents of Dionysus?
Zeus and Semele
Why was Juno angry with Echo?
Because Echoʼs chattering kept her from noticing the affairs of Jupiter
With what nymph did Polyphemus fall in love?
Galatea
When offered any gift she named, what did Semele ask of Zeus?
To see him as lord of the sky
What monster was the last created by Gaea?
Typhon
What god of wine is sometimes not considered to be one of the twelve Olympians?
Dionysus
How did Odysseus and his men escape from Polyphemus?
they blinded him and then tied themselves to the undersides of his sheep. The sheep carried them fr om the cave.
What monsters, the children of Uranus and Gaea, were giants with only one eye in the middle of their foreheads?
the Cyclopes
Which river in the underworld is known as the river of unbreakbale oaths?
Styx
What is another name for the Furies?
the Erinyes
What is a satyr?
half man, half goat
Into what was Acis changed?
a river god
Who is the Muse of songs to the gods?
Polyhymnia
What god presided over underground rivers?
Poseidon
What sea is named after Io?
Ionian Sea
Jacksonvilleʼ s original name was Cow Ford. What would that be in Greek?
Bosphorus
What kind of nymphs were dryads (hamadryads)?
tree nymphs
Who was Mother Earth?
Ge (Gaea)
What goddess punished Echo by taking away her voice?
Juno
Dioscuri and Tyndaridae are patronymics, that is, they are words that name someoneʼs father. When Castor and Polydeuces are called the Dioscuri, who is the father named?
Zeus
Name the 3 Furies.
Tisiphone, Allecto, and Megaera
How did Adonis die?
He was gored by a boar
After he was overthrown, what became of Cronus?
He fled to Italy
Which Titan created man?
Epimetheus (Prometheus finished the job)
What god accidentally killed the youth Hyacinthus?
Apollo
Who were the parents of Pyrrha?
Epimetheus and Pandora
Which monsters did Zeus not banish from the earth after he conquered them?
the Cyclops
Name the three Graces.
Aglaia, Thalia, and Euphrosyne.
What sea deityʼs name means “Deep Sea”?
Pontus
When Castor and Polydeuces are called the Tyndaridae, who is the father named?
Tyndareus
