EDA MIDTERM

Question 1

Means possibility. A branch of mathematics that deals with the occurrence of a random event. The value is expressed from zero to one.

Answer 1

Probability

Question 2

4 Key Probability Terms

Answer 2

Experiment, Outcome, Sample Space, Event

Question 3

2 types of Event

Answer 3

Simple Event and Compound Event

Question 4

process where specific results are obtained

Answer 4

Experiment

Question 5

single result of a probability experiment

Answer 5

Outcome

Question 6

set of all possible outcomes for a probability experiment

Answer 6

Sample Space

Question 7

set of outcomes of a probability experiment; a subset of the sample space

Answer 7

Event

Question 8

Rolling a pair of dice has a sample space of 36 outcomes [(1,1), (1,2),
(1,3), (1,4) …etc. or just simply 6 x 6). TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

one outcome (rolling 4 in one die)

Answer 9

simple event

Question 10

two or more outcomes (rolling an even number on a die then getting a head in a toin coss)

Answer 10

Compound Event

Question 11

3 MainTypes of Probability

Answer 11

Classical, Empirical, Subjective

Question 12

each outcome in a sample space is equally likely to occur

Answer 12

Classical Probability

Question 13

each outcome in a sample space is NOT equally likely to occur

Answer 13

Empirical Probability

Question 14

an e d u c a t e d guess or estimate

Answer 14

Subjective Probability

Question 15

Key rules in Probability T or F:
The probability of a n event is always between 0 and 1. No negative probabilities or
greater than 1.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

Key rules in Probability T or F: The sum of all outcomes in a sample space is always equal to 1.

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

Key rules in Probability T or F: It is impossible for an event to occur, the probability of that event is 0.

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

Key rules in Probability T or F: If the event is certain to occur, the probability is 1.

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

Types of Probability Distribution

Answer 19

Discrete Probability Distribution and Continuous Probability Distribution

Question 20

Types of Discrete Probability Distribution

Answer 20

Binomial, Poisson,Hypergeometric

Question 21

Types of Continuous Probability Distribution

Answer 21

Normal and Exponential

Question 22

is the number of successes that result from a hypergeometric
experiment.

Answer 22

hypergeometric random variable

Question 23

The probability distribution of a hypergeometric random variable is called
a

Answer 23

Hypergeometric Distribution

Question 24

is a process that uses sample statistics to test a claim about the value of a population parameter

Answer 24

Hypothesis Test

Question 25

A verbal statement, or claim, about a
population parameter is called a

Answer 25

Statistical Hypothesis

Question 26

is a statistical hypothesis that contains a
statement of equality such as ≤ ,=, or ≥ .

Answer 26

Null Hypothesis (Ho)

Question 27

is the complement of the null
hypothesis. It is a statement that must be true if H0 is false and contains a statement of inequality such as >,≠ ,or <.

Answer 27

Alternative Hypothesis (Ha)

Question 28

divides the nonrejection region from the rejection region.

Answer 28

Critical Value

Question 29

occurs if the null hypothesis isrejected when it istrue and should not be rejected. The probability of a type Ierror occurring is α.

Answer 29

TYPE I ERROR

Question 30

occurs if the null hypothesis isnot rejected when it isfalse and should be rejected. The probability of a type IIerror occurring is β .

Answer 30

TYPE II ERROR

Question 31

No matter which hypothesis represents the claim,always begin the hypothesis test assuming that the null hypothesis is true. At the end of the test, one of two decisions will be made:

Answer 31

1. Reject the null hypothesis
2. Do not reject the null hypothesis

Question 32

can be used when the population is normal and variance is known , or for any population when the sample size n is at least 30.

Answer 32

Z-TEST

Question 33

will be used when the population is normal and variance is unknown , or for any population when the sample size n is less than 30.

Answer 33

T-TEST

Question 34

for proportion is a statistical test for a
population proportion.

Answer 34

The z-test

Question 35

means never having to say you are certain.

Answer 35

Statistics

Question 36

Types of Estimates

Answer 36

Point and Interval Estimate

Question 37

is a single value (statistics) used to estimate a population value (parameter).

Answer 37

Point Estimate

Question 38

States the range within which a population parameter probably lies

Answer 38

Interval Estimate

Question 39

symbolized by (1 – α) x 100%, where α is the
proportion in the tails of the distribution that is
outside the confidence interval

Answer 39

Confidence Level

Question 40

symbolized by α = 1 – (confidence level), it is the
proportion in the tails of the distribution that is
outside the confidence interval

Answer 40

Level of Significance (a)

Question 41

value of Z needed for constructing a
confidence interval

Answer 41

Critical Value

Question 42

is a range of possible values for an
unknown parameter and is associated
with confidence level
(Point Estimate + Margin of Error)

Answer 42

Confidence Interval

Question 43

is the mathematical estimation of the
number of subjects/units to be included in
a study

Answer 43

Sample Size Determination