EDA

Question 1

What is the primary goal of statistics?

Answer 1

To collect, organize, summarize, analyze, and draw conclusions from data

Question 2

The origin of the term “Statistics”

Answer 2

Latin

Question 3

What does “Statistics” mean?

Answer 3

State

Question 4

During which century did the term “Statistics” become popular?

Answer 4

18th century

Question 5

What does engineer primarily do?

Answer 5

Improve products and systems

Question 6

What guides the work of an engineer?

Answer 6

Sound engineering judgement

Question 7

When faced with questions beyond theory and experience, what must an engineer do?

Answer 7

Independently gather and interpret data

Question 8

Why is it important for engineers to have training in data collection and analysis?

Answer 8

To avoid wasting time and resources

Question 9

What is the goal of engineering statistics?

Answer 9

To provide concepts and methods for gathering and interpreting data

Question 10

What are the types of statistical studies mentioned?

Answer 10

Experimental and Observational

Question 11

What is the primary difference between observational and experimental studies?

Answer 11

Experimental studies provide stronger causality inferences

Question 12

Why are experiments often more efficient for collecting engineering data?

Answer 12

They manipulate process variables

Question 13

What are lurking variables?

Answer 13

Variables that govern both process performance and observed circumstances

Question 14

What strengthens the inference of causality in experiments?

Answer 14

Manipulation of variables by the investigator

Question 14

Which type of engineering studies is most common?

Answer 14

Analytical

Question 15

What is an example of an enumerative study?

Answer 15

Acceptance Sampling

Question 16

What is the purpose of Acceptance Sampling?

Answer 16

To determine the acceptability of incoming lots

Question 17

Which end of the continuum provides the most efficient and reliable ways to collect engineering data?

Answer 17

Experimental end

Question 18

Why is it easier to infer causality from experiments?

Answer 18

Because experiments manipulate variables purposefully

Question 18

What is the primary goal of observational studies?

Answer 18

To passively observe system behavior

Question 19

What is the primary challenge with observational studies?

Answer 19

They lack efficiency in data collection

Question 20

What is the main focus of analytical engineering studies?

Answer 20

Understanding and manipulating engineering systems

Question 21

What is the significance of understanding basic statistical terminology for engineers?

Answer 21

To effectively communicate and analyze data

Question 22

Why do engineers need statistical tools?

Answer 22

To efficiently acquire and process empirical information

Question 23

What is the role of sound engineering judgement in statistical analysis?

Answer 23

It guides the interpretation of data

Question 24

What term refers to data documented by the primary source

Answer 24

Primary Data

Question 25

What type of question does not include response categories?

Answer 25

Open-Ended

Question 26

What method of data collection involves direct human intervention?

Answer 26

Experiment

Question 27

What are the individuals who answer questions in a survey called?

Answer 27

Respondents

Question 28

When data is collected from a sample of people from a population, what is it called?

Answer 28

Survey

Question 29

What aspect of surveys can affect data reliability?

Answer 29

Survey Process

Question 30

What type of questionnaire involves face-to-face interaction with the interviewer

Answer 30

Interview-based

Question 30

What method of data collection involves recording observations as they happen?

Answer 30

Observation Method

Question 31

What type of question includes a list of response categories?

Answer 31

Closed-ended

Question 31

What term refers to the truthfulness or accuracy of data?

Answer 31

Reliability or Veracity

Question 32

What type of question provides only two alternative answers?

Answer 32

Two-way Question

Question 33

Which type of question allows respondents to choose as many response as apply to them?

Answer 33

Checklist Question

Question 34

In which type of question do respondents rank categories from highest to lowest?

Answer 34

Ranking Question

Question 35

Which type of questions presents a graded scale to measure the intensity of attitude?

Answer 35

Rating Scale Question

Question 36

What type of question squeezes multiple questions into a table format?

Answer 36

Matrix Question

Question 37

Which method of data collection involves selecting subjects who are conveniently obtained?

Answer 37

Convenience Sampling

Question 38

In which method of data collection are subjects asked to volunteer to provide data?

Answer 38

Gathering volunteers

Question 39

What type of sample is taken from a population where each subject has an equal chance of being selected?

Answer 39

Simple Random Sample

Question 40

If a researcher divides a population into group based on characteristics like sex or region, then performs a random sample from each group, what method is being used?

Answer 40

Stratified Random Sampling

Question 41

Which type of variable can be numeric and ordered or ranked?

Answer 41

Ordinal Variables

Question 42

What type of quantitative variable can assume any numerical value between two specific values?

Answer 42

Continuous Variable

Question 43

A quantitative variable that can only take on specific, countable values is called

Answer 43

Discrete Variable

Question 44

What is the organization of raw data in table form using classes and frequencies called?

Answer 44

Frequency Distribution

Question 45

Which type of frequency distribution is used for data that can be placed in specific categories?

Answer 45

Categorical Frequency Distribution

Question 46

If a frequency distribution is needed for a quantitative variable with a large range of values, what type of distribution is used?

Answer 46

Group Frequency Distribution

Question 47

What type of graph displays data using contiguous vertical bars to represent frequencies?

Answer 47

Histogram

Question 48

In a frequency polygon, what are the points plotted for the frequencies?

Answer 48

Midpoints of the classes

Question 49

Which graph represents cumulative frequencies for classes in a frequency distribution?

Answer 49

Ogive

Question 50

Which graph is used to represent data with vertical or horizontal bars for qualitative data?

Answer 50

Bar graph

Question 51

Data in their original form

Answer 51

Raw Data

Question 52

The number of data values contained in a specific class

Answer 52

Class

Question 53

The group of all subjects under study is called

Answer 53

Population

Question 53

What graph should be used to show the relationship between the parts and the whole

Answer 53

Pie Graph

Question 54

Data such as blood types (A,B,AB,O) can be organized into a (blank) frequency distribution

Answer 54

Categorical

Question 54

Summary measure describing a specific characteristic of a population

Answer 54

Parameter

Question 55

Data collected over a period of time can be graphed using a (blank) graph

Answer 55

Time Series

Question 55

The number of ads on a one-hour television show is what type of data?

Answer 55

Quantitative

Question 55

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE Probability is used as a basis for inferential statistic

Answer 55

True

Question 55

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE In the construction of a frequency distrubition, it is a good idea to have overlapping class limits, such as 10-20, 20-30, 30-40

Answer 55

False

Question 56

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE The heights of the mountains in the state of Alaska are an example of a variable

Answer 56

True

Question 57

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE When the population of college professors is divided into groups of according to their rank (instructor, assistant professor, etc.) and then several are selected from each group to make up a sample, the sample is called cluster sample

Answer 57

True

Question 57

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE The variable temperature is an example of quantitative variable

Answer 57

True

Question 57

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE Histograms can be drawn by using vertical or horizontal bars

Answer 57

False

Question 57

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE The height of basketball players is considered a continuous variable

Answer 57

True

Question 58

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE Frequency distributions can aid the researcher in drawing charts and graphs

Answer 58

True

Question 59

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE In construction of a frequency polygon, the class limits are used for the x axis

Answer 59

False

Question 60

IDENTIFY WHETHER TRUE OR FALSE Data collected over a period of time can be graphed by using a pie graph

Answer 60

False