Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Emergency Lectures > ED Final Exam > Flashcards

ED Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

6 Risk Factors for MI

A
  1. Smoking
  2. DM
  3. HTN
  4. HLD
  5. Fm hx early CAD
  6. AGE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Holosystolic murmur, heard in apex, radiating to axilla

If new in the setting of MI, think?

A

Papillary muscle rupture

Ischemic dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What makes AS severe?

A

Parvus et tardus

Late peak in intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Concave ST elevation

A

Smile, you might not have MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are reciprocal leads for II, III, F?

A

1 and AVL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an anterior wall MI?

A

V1-V4 ST elevation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a lateral wall MI?

A

I, L and maybe V5-V6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How can you spot a posterior wall MI?

A

ST depression in V1-V3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Acute MI Therapy:

A 
Aspirin - 4x81mg chewable
Sublingual IV nitroglycerin
IV morphine 4mg
Heparin bolus
Rapid cards consult
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What murmur develops in aortic dissection?

A

Aortic Regurg/insuff in proximal dissections

- diastolic decrescendo murmur at RSB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Four risk factors for Aortic Dissection?

A
  1. HTN
  2. Bicuspic aortic valve
  3. Preggers
  4. Marfan/Ehlers-Danlos
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treatment for aortic dissection?

A

Esmolol (beta-blocker) to lower BP

maybe nitroprusside 2nd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is virchow’s triad?

- why do we care?

A

Venous stasis
Hypercoagulability
Endothelial injury
increased risk for PE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

PE Risk Factors?

A 
Prior DVT, PE
Lupus anticoagulant, protein C/S AT III deficiency
Central lines
Cancers (ovarian, colon)
Pregnancy / high dose estrogen
IBD (Crohn's)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In what do you see wide split S2?

A

PE
Pulmonary HTN
RBBB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is one thing you should listen for in PE?

A

Wide split S2

17
Q

Two drugs you might use in PE?

A

IV heparin bolus
TPA
- if pt is in shock

18
Q

Treatment for tension pneumo?

A

Needle decompression at 2nd intercostal space at mid-clavicular line

19
Q

What finding clinically in boerhaave’s?

A

Crunching sound on thoracic exam
Early may be subtle rub
Subcutaneous air

20
Q

26yo AA male w/ 24hours sharp CP

  • worse when supine
  • better when sitting forward
A

Cardiac Tamponade

  • pleuritic CP
  • Dyspnea
21
Q

What is Beck’s triad?

- why do we care?

A

Hypotension
JVD
Small and quiet heart
Cardiac Tamponade

22
Q

What is a major finding in tamponade?

A

Pulsus paradoxus
- decrease in BP > 10mmHg on inspiration

Diffuse ST elevations

Electrical alternans

23
Q

Classic presentation of pneumonia?

A

Cough
Fever
Chills

Earliest sign is focal rales

24
Q

Finish this…alcoholics…RUL pneumonia…

A

Klebsiella

25
Q

Two drugs for outpatient treatment of pneumonia?

A

Moxifloxacin 400mg 7-10 days

Azithromycin (Z-pack)

26
Q

Two drugs for inpatient CAP treatment?

A

Moxifloxacin 400mg IV — if allergy to PEN

1g Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin 500mg (both IV

27
Q

How treat HCP?

A

Pip/tazo
Ciprofloxacin 500mg

+/- vancomycin + macrolide

28
Q

Five signs of Pneumothorax?

A 
Hypotension
Ipsilateral deceased BS
Tympany
JVD
Contralateral tracheal deviation
29
Q

Progressive dyspnea and orthopnea are hallmarks of?

- also?

A

Pulmonary edema
- also paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
(due to resorption of interstitial fluid during recumbency)

Everything causes orthopnea…but think CHF

30
Q

Kerley B lines

Bronchial cuffing

A

Think pulmonary edema

31
Q

Tx for Pulmonary Edema?

A

O2, bipap
IV dopamine / dobutamine / nitroglycerine (tons of it)
(w/ hypotension) (borderline BP) (hypertension)

32
Q

PERC Criteria

A 
Age > 50
HR > 100
O2 sat < 95%
Recent trauma/surgery
Hemoptysis
Exogenous estrogens
Unilateral leg swelling
33
Q

Wheezes and prolonged expiratory phase?

A

Asthma/COPD

34
Q

Signs of impending respiratory failure?

A 
One word answers
Accessory muscle use
RR > 40
Diaphoresis
Lethargy
Acute CO2 retention
35
Q

Tx for Asthma?

A

Nebulized albuterol/ipratropium
PO prednisone
BIPAP if severe
ABX in COPD

36
Q

Decreased breath sounds

Dullness to percussion?

A

Pleural effusion

  • tumor
  • infection
  • chylothorax (ruptured thoracic duct)
  • Hemorrhage
37
Q

What assoc w/ second degree type 2 AV block?

A

This is the worse one: fixed long PR interval with drops

  • CAD
  • MI
  • dig toxicity
  • beta blockers

Emergency Lectures (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions