ED Flashcards
1
Q
Snake bite (ankle) management
A
- Venom Detection Kit (during first aid leave venom in place untill in venom test, do not clean wound before this)
- Firm dressing (like for sprains) with wide crepe bandage whole limp from toe to above knee
- venous tourniquet.
- splint to immobilise both foot and knee
- ensure oxygen and resus material available
- Antivenom if signs of envenomation
- polyvalent if snake is unknown, otherwise only for the snake that’s causative
- first give 0.25 (adult, 0.01 mg/kg in child) adrenaline
- after 5 minutes antivenom, ensure more adrenaline, anti-histamine and steroid available
- give oral prednisolon 5 days 50 mg OD after antivenom to avoid serum sickness
2
Q
Signs of envenomation of snake
A
- local tissue necrosis is NOT sign of bite Australian snakes
- headache
- N, V
- muscle weakness: diplopia, local muscle paralysis, breathing difficulties, apnoea
- coagulopathy
- LOC
- ciculatoir collapse
2
Q
Syncope causes
A
- neurally mediated: vasovagal, vasodepressor, carotid sinus syncope
- orthostatic syncope : volume depletion, drugs, autonomic failure syndromes
- cardiac arrhythmias: brady and tachy
- structural heart disease
- cerebrovascular disease
