Ectoparasites Flashcards
Flea LC
Arthropoda–> Insecta–> Siphonaptera (fleas)
Cat Flea vs. Dog Flea
- CAT FLEA IS COMMON
Tick LC
Lice LC
ENTIRE LC ON HOST
Pediculosis (heavy Infestation)–> anaemia
Tapeworm Intermediate Hosts
- fleas
- lice (phthiraptera)
Chewing lice vs. Blood Sucking Lice
Nuisance Fly
(MUSCA)
LC
- M. domestica* (house fly; in- and outside animal buildings)
- M. autumnalis* (face fly; numerous outdoors, esp. cattle
- Sponge-like labellum mouthparts (sick up enzymes & suck up digested food)
Ceratopogonidae culicoides
(MIDGES)
“sweet Itch”
- caused by female midge bites
- seasonally occurring allergic dermatitis (immediate type hypersensitivity)
- vector for viral and parasitic infections
Biting Flies
(Myasis)
Parasitism of living animals by dipteran larvae (maggots)
Types :
Facultative (optional)- parasitic lifestyle isn’t essential to life cycle e.g. blowflies–> Fly strike
Obligatory- parasitism= essential e.g. warble flies, horse bot flies, screw-worm flies
- Cutaneous, nasal & somatic taxonomy refers to where the parasitism occurs on the host
Horse Bot Fly (Gasterophilus spp.)
Blowfly (Calliphoridae)
Tick Mouthparts
- Palps- sensory organs- detect temperature & CO2- to help locate capillaries
- Chelicerae- puncture through the skin
- Hypostome- tube for sucking host blood, backward pointing teeth
Argas spp.
Argas spp.- Infect birds in warmer climates (also humans)
- A. persicus, poultry tick (or “tampan”), lives in crevices in poultry houses
- Feeds at night production loss + death (large numbers)
- Found on migratory birds in temperate regions
Epidemiology- In tropical / sub-tropical climates
Ticks may be active all year round
If limited vegetation mat activity influenced by seasonal rainfall (due to their need for ↑ RH)
SARCOPTES (BURROWING MITES)
LC
- Veterinary Importance: PARASITIC
- skin disease cause
- SARCOPTIC MANGE: Erythema with papule formation, Scale + crust formation + alopecia. Intense pruritus (1 week) + self-inflicted trauma + scab formation
- most of LC is on the host
PSOROPTES (SURFACE MITES)
- Surface mite; active in keratin layer of skin probing with piercing mouthparts
- Several different “species” occur on domestic animals: (sheep scab= most important)
- Ps. ovis (sheep, cattle), Ps. equi (horses), Ps. cuniculi (rabbits, horses), also occurs on camelids
- LC: confined to skin surface
- PSOROPTIC MANGE: important with sheep. winter disease (maybe late summer). mites under scabs and skin folds (can get bad)
- feed on serous exudate after pricking skin surface
- antigens in mite faeces–> Hypersensitivity reaction
- DIAGNOSE: skin scraping
- COntrol: plunge-dipping in OP’s
