ecs Flashcards
1.01 When considering fire performance;
Telecommunication cables installed inside a building
shall meet the following requirements:
A Installation cables shall, as a minimum, meet the
requirements of Euro Class Cca‐s1b,d2,a2,
B Installation cables shall, as a minimum, meet the
requirements of Euro Class Dca‐s1b,d2,a2,
C Installation cables shall, as a minimum, meet the
requirements of Euro Class Eca‐s1b,d2,a2,
D Installation cables shall, as a minimum, meet the
requirements of Euro Class Fca‐s1b,d2,a2,
Correct Answer = A
Cables once installed in buildings cause a hazard in the event of a fire. To mitigate these risks different
classes of cable are constructed differently
according to their intended usage. The CPR and
EuroClass system is designed to ensure that the
right cable type is installed in the right areas.
Remember it is the installer who is responsible for
the final check that the right cable is being
installed.
1.02 When considering fire performance, which type of cable produces the least amount of smoke when burning:
A Eca
B Cca s1b d2 a2
C B2Ca s1a d1 a1
D Dca s2 d2 a2
Correct Answer = C
When tested cables are rated for Flames, Heat,
Smoke, Droplets and Acidity. The s indicates smoke
produced during the smoke test. 1a is the least,
followed by 1b, 1, 2 and finally 3 which produces
the most smoke.
1.03 Which is NOT a Telecommunication cable?
A Cat 5e 4 pair data cable
B 3 core 13 amp 230 volt mains cable
C 1308 3 pair telephone cable
D 2 pair intruder alarm cable
Correct Answer = B
It is always important to ensure that the correct
cable for the job is selected and installed. Being
able to identify the correct cable to be installed is
vital, any error in cable selection can prove costly
to the installer
1.04 Cables installed outside buildings and other
structures, not installed in ducts, conduit or another type of cover shall meet the following requirements:
A Installation cables shall be UV resistant cables with weather resistant, protective outer sheaths
B Installation cables shall be white cables
C Installation cables shall be a minimum of Cat 5e and S/FTP
D Installation cables shall be a minimum of Cat 6 and F/FTP
Correct Answer = A
Exposed external cables require extra protection
from direct sunlight and extreme weather. The
outer sheath of the cable will be treated to
maximise resistance to wear. The responsibility for
the specification of the cable is the designers
responsibility.
1.05 The length of a Class Ea permanent link should not exceed:
A 55 meters
B 90 meters
C 100 meters
D 1000 meters
Correct Answer = B
The EA link is a reference to the performance of
the permanently installed cable. To ensure that the
performance is guaranteed, the standards define a
maximum installed link distance
1.06 The length of a Class Ea channel should not exceed:
A 55 meters
B 90 meters
C 100 meters
D 1000 meters
Correct Answer = C
The EA channel is a reference to the performance
of the permanently installed cable and two patch
cords. To ensure that the performance is
guaranteed, the standards define a maximum
installed link distance. In this case the channel is
the permanent link with a patch cord on either
end, often referred to as 90+10.
1.07 The length of a Class Ea channel with patch cords exceeding 20 meters should not exceed:
A 80 meters
B 90 meters
C 95 meters
D 100 meters
Correct Answer = C
The EA channel is a reference to the performance
of the permanently installed cable and two patch
cords. To ensure that the performance guaranteed,
where long patch cords are used the channel
distance is shorter, due to the effect on the
electrical characteristics of patch cords being
different to that of the permanent cable.
1.08 The Rack bonding conductors for a cabinet, frame or rack of ≤ 21 U, shall have a cross‐sectional area in accordance with HD 60364‐5‐54 and shall be:
A Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 2.5 mm2
B Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 4 mm2
C Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 10 mm2
D Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 16 mm2
Correct Answer = B
It is a safety issue when earth cables are incorrectly
sized, always check the requirements before
installing.
1.09 The Rack bonding conductors for a cabinet, frame or rack of > 21 U, shall have a cross‐sectional area in accordance with HD 60364‐5‐54 and shall be:
A Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 2.5 mm2
B Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 10 mm2
C Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 4 mm2
D Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 16 mm2
Correct Answer = D
It is a safety issue when earth cables are incorrectly
sized, always check the requirements before
installing.
1.10 A wall mounted 12 U communication cabinet with a glass door needs a earth bond of:
A It does not need one
B Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 2.5 mm2
C Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 4 mm2
D Of minimum cross‐sectional area of 10 mm2
Correct Answer = C
It is a safety issue when earth cables are incorrectly
sized, always check the requirements before
installing.
1.11 Which of the following ethernet standards is
supported by Cat 5e?
A 100baseSX
B 100baseT
C 10base2
D 10base5
Correct Answer = B
Different Classes of cable are able to support
different Ethernet standards. If you are unsure if
you are installing the correct cable speak to your
designer.
1.12 Which cable type should be installed to supply a 10 Gbs link over 500 meters?
A Co‐ax cable
B Fibre Optic cable
C Cat 6A cable
D Cat 7 cable
Correct Answer = B
Whilst Cat 6a and Cat 7 could support the speed
they cannot support it over this distance therefore
a fibre link must be installed.
1.13 Which cable type should be installed to supply a 10 Gbs link over 2000 meters?
A Multi‐mode fibre optic cable OM2
B Multi‐mode fibre optic cable OM4
C Single‐mode fibre optic cable
D Co‐ax cable
Correct Answer = C
Whilst OM4 could support this speed it cannot
support the distance required therefore a single‐
mode link must be installed.
1.14 Which of the following is NOT a standard size of fibre optic cable?
A 9/125
B 50/125
C 62.5/125
D 100/125
Correct Answer = D
9/125 is a Single Mode Cable, 50/125 and 62.5/125
are Multi Mode Cables. 100/125 is not an available
cable Core/Cladding size
1.15 What does the “CPR” in the construction industry stand for?
A Cable Product Regulations
B Construction Product Requirements
C Construction Product Regulations
D Construction Protection Regulations
Correct Answer = C
The Construction Products Regulations aim to
provide a common technical language to assess the
performance of various construction products
including data cabling.
1.16 What does the “DoP” in the construction industry stand for?
A Declaration of Product
B Details of Performance
C Declaration of Personnel
D Declaration of Performance
Correct Answer = D
The Declaration of Performance describes a
products characteristics with relation to its fire
resistance.
1.17 The CE marking is required for many products. It shows that these:
A Meet worldwide requirements
B Were made in the European Union
C Meet EU performance requirements
D Meet EU safety, health or environmental
requirements.
Correct Answer = D
CE marking indicates conformity with health,
safety and environmental protection standards for
products sold within the European Economic Area.
2.01 BSEN 50174‐2 states the minimum bend radius for 4‐pair balanced cables shall be:
A Four times the cable diameter
B Eight times the cable diameter
C Twelve times the cable diameter
D Ten times the cable diameter
Correct Answer = B
Standards exist to ensure technical conformance to
installations which in turn creates a network
suitable to carry the traffic for which it was
designed. If minimum bend radius are exceeded
the performance of the cable quickly degrades.
2.02 BSEN 50174‐2 states the minimum bend radius for optical fibre cables and coaxial cables shall be:
A Four times the cable diameter
B Eight times the cable diameter
C Ten times the cable diameter
D Twelve times the cable diameter
Correct Answer = C
Standards exist to ensure technical conformance to
installations which intern creates a network
suitable to carry the traffic for which it was
designed. If minimum bend radius are exceeded
the performance of the cable quickly degrades.
2.03 U or RU is a measurement of hight of equipment designed to fit in to a 19 inch Rack. 1U =
A 50 mm or 2 inches
B 30 mm or 1 inch
C 25 mm or 1 inch
D 44.45 mm or 1.75 inches
Correct Answer = D
A U or RU is a standard size when installing
equipment into cabinets and racks.
2.04 A cable management system:
A Includes ducts and tubes housing, or intended to
house, blown information technology cables
and/or cable elements
B Does not include ducts and tubes
C Does not include tubes housing, or intended to
house, blown information technology cables
and/or cable elements
D Includes the boxes or drums the cables are
delivered in
Correct Answer = A
A cable management system is composed of
anything which is designed to contain or support
the cabling along its route.
2.05 The grids of suspended ceilings shall:
A Not be used as support for pathway systems
B Be used as support for multiple cables
C Be used as support for devices within the
suspended ceiling
D Be used as support for pathway systems
Correct Answer = A
It is NOT good practice to loose lay cables above
suspended ceilings. Containment systems should
be permanently affixed to the fabric of the
building.
2.06 Bonding between sections of metallic containment shall be carried out in accordance with:
A BS 50174‐2
B ISO 11801
C BS EN 57921
D BS EN 50173
Correct Answer = A
Standards exist to ensure technical conformance to
installations which in turn creates a network
suitable to carry the traffic for which it was
designed.
2.07 According to BS EN 50174, the location of cabinets, frames and racks shall:
A Provide a minimum clearance of 1 m on all faces
where access is required
B Provide a minimum clearance of 1.2 m on all faces
C Provide a minimum clearance of 1.2 m on all faces
where access is required
D Provide a minimum clearance of 2 m on all faces
where access is required
Correct Answer = C
Standards dictate the minimum safe clearances
required around cabinets, frames and racks.
2.08 According to BS EN 50174, Cabinets, frames and
racks shall not be installed:
A Outside
B On a roof
C In toilet facilities
D In a basement
Correct Answer = C
Standards contain a wealth of information giving
guidance on best practice installation practices, if
in doubt consult standards.
2.09 According to BS EN 50174, Pathways constructed using tray‐work shall be located to:
A Be fixed flush to the fixing surface
B Provide a minimum clearance of 50 mm from the
fixing surface
C Provide a minimum clearance of 25 mm from the
fixing surface
D Not provide a minimum clearance of 25 mm from
the fixing surface
Correct Answer = C
Standards contain a wealth of information giving
guidance on best practice installation practices, if
in doubt consult standards.
2.10 According to BS EN 50174, Indoor pathways
constructed using conduit systems with bends should provide access at intervals of:
A Not greater than 12 m to enable the use of draw‐
boxes
B Not greater than 90 m to enable the use of draw‐
boxes
C Greater than 12 m to enable the use of draw‐boxes
D Greater than 20 m to enable the use of draw‐boxes
Correct Answer = A
Standards contain a wealth of information giving
guidance on best practice installation practices, if
in doubt consult standards.
2.11 According to BS EN 50174, For pathway systems,
where manufacturer’s instructions do not exist, that
provide non‐continuous support (e.g. basket, ladder
or hooks):
A The maximum distance allowed between
supporting elements of the pathway system is 500
B The maximum distance allowed between
supporting elements of the pathway system is
1000 mm
C The maximum distance allowed between
supporting elements of the pathway system is
2000 mm
D The maximum distance allowed between
supporting elements of the pathway system is
1500 mm
Correct Answer = D
Standards contain a wealth of information giving
guidance on best practice installation practices, if
in doubt consult standards.
2.12 According to BS EN 50174, For pathway systems,
where manufacturer’s instructions do not exist, that
provide continuous support (e.g. trays):
A The stacking height shall not exceed 50 mm
B The stacking height shall not exceed 100 mm
C The stacking height shall not exceed 150 mm
D The stacking height shall not exceed 500 mm
Correct Answer = C
Standards contain a wealth of information giving
guidance on best practice installation practices, if
in doubt consult standards.
2.13 The selection of cable management systems shall take into account which standard:
A The MICE environmental classification of BS 50310
B The MICE environmental classification of BS 50173
C The MICE environmental classification of BS 6701
D The MICE environmental classification of BS 50174
Correct Answer = B
Standards exist to ensure technical conformance to
installations which in turn creates a network
suitable to carry the traffic for which it was
designed.
2.14 According to BS EN 50174, conduits shall not:
A Contain more than three bends of up to 90° max.
between pulling points
B Contain more than four bends of up to 90° max.
between pulling points
C Contain more than two bends of up to 90° max.
between pulling points
D Contain more than one bend of up to 90° max.
between pulling points
Correct Answer = C
If conduit runs contain too many bends or not
enough pull boxes it is not possible to correctly and
safely install data cables which could become
stretched, snagged or damaged during installation.
2.15 According to BS EN 50174, conduits shall not:
A Be subject to cumulative changes in direction of
more than 90° between pulling points
B Be subject to cumulative changes in direction of
more than 180° between pulling points
C Be subject to cumulative changes in direction of
more than 270° between pulling points
D Be subject to cumulative changes in direction of
more than 360° between pulling points
Correct Answer = B
If conduit runs contain too many bends or not
enough pull boxes it is not possible to correctly and
safely install data cables which could become
stretched, snagged or damaged during installation.
2.16 According to BS EN 50174, bundles of cables shall not contain more than:
A 19 cables
B 24 cables
C 48 cables
D 100 cables
Correct Answer = B
Where cable bundles become oversized excess
heat can build up and excessive interference from
other cables can be found.
2.17 According to BS EN 50174, When installing in vertical pathways (e.g. risers), cables should be:
A Pushed upwards in bundles
B Pulled upwards rather than lowered
C Lowered rather than pulled upwards
D Pulled upwards in bundles
Correct Answer = C
Cables are lowered rather than pulled upwards to
minimise strain on the cable to reduce the
likelihood of damage.
2.18 In BS 50173 what does M.I.C.E stand for:
A Material, Insulation, Couloir, Effect
B Measure, Insure, Cut, Erect
C Mechanical, Ingress, Climatic/Chemical, Electro
Magnetic
D Rodent damage protection level
Correct Answer = C
Standards exist to ensure technical conformance to
installations which intern creates a network
suitable to carry the traffic for which it was
designed.
2.19 According to BS EN 50174, the installer shall ensure that:
A The pathway systems selected are able to support
the mass of the cables to be installed
B The pathway systems selected are the correct
colour for the cables to be installed
C The pathway systems selected are only for the
cables to be installed today
D The pathway systems selected are 100% bigger
than cables to be installed needs
Correct Answer = A
If pathways are not correctly fixed to the fabric of
the building subsequent installations may increase
the load to a point where the containment can no
longer be supported and falls from the surface.
2.20 According to BS EN 50174, the installer shall ensure that the fixings and supporting structures for the pathway systems are suitable:
A To support the cables to be installed today
B To support the mass of the pathway system to be
installed
C To support the combined mass of the pathway
system and the cables to be installed
D To support the combined mass of the pathway
system and the cables to be installed times two
Correct Answer = D
If pathways are not correctly fixed to the fabric of
the building subsequent installations may increase
the load to a point where the containment can no
longer be supported and falls from the surface.
3.01 Which fibre optic cable has a core size of 50/125
micrometres (um):
A OM1
B OM3
C OS2
D OS1
Correct Answer = B
OS1 and OS2 have Core/Cladding sizes of 9/125.
OM1 has a Core/Cladding size of 62.5/125.
3.02 Which category cable has a maximum transmission speed of 10000 Mbps / 10 Gbps:
A Cat5e
B Cat6
C Cat7
D Cat6a
Correct Answer = B
OS1 and OS2 have Core/Cladding sizes of 9/125.
OM1 has a Core/Cladding size of 62.5/125.
3.02 Which category cable has a maximum transmission speed of 10000 Mbps / 10 Gbps:
A Cat5e
B Cat6
C Cat7
D Cat6a
Correct Answer = D
Different Classes of cable are able to support
different Ethernet standards. If you are unsure if
you are installing the correct cable speak to your
designer.
3.03 Which cable is commonly used for multicore
telephone connectivity?
A Cat5e
B Cat6a
C CW1308B
D Cat8
Correct Answer = C
Different Classes of cable are able to support
different communications standards. If you are
unsure if you are installing the correct cable speak
to your designer
3.04 Cable jacket colours make it faster and simpler to pinpoint which type of cable you are dealing with.
Yellow, for instance can identify a what type of fibre?
A Multi‐mode
B OM1
C Single‐mode
D Cat6a
Correct Answer = C
Cable jacket colour can be a useful quick reference.
Normal jacket colours include Orange for OM2,
Aqua for OM4, Lime Green for OM5 and Yellow for
Single‐mode. However be aware that many
manufacturers will produce cables with different
colour sheaths if requested by a client so it is
always best to double check by reading the cable
information printed on the jacket.
3.05 If you are using a RJ45 connector what type of cable are you working with:
A Fibre
B Copper
C OS1
D Multi‐mode
Correct Answer = B
An RJ45 connector is a Registered Jack No 45 and is
built to a defined standard. These can also be
called Ethernet heads, 8P8C or computer jacks
amongst other things by some installers
3.06 Which is the lower value of the bend radius of Cat6 cable?
A Minimum bend radius during installation
B Minimum bend radius installed
C Minimum bend radius during termination
D Minimum bend radius during testing
Correct Answer = B
Standards state the minimum bend radius for
installed cables. During installation and
terminating you may exceed this temporarily, but
you must ensure the final installed cable complies
with these figures. When testing, modern test
equipment will identify areas where bends are too
tight and will cause the cables to fail. Further
information can also be found from the cable
manufacturer
3.07 In general, the minimum bend radius should not be less than how many times the outer diameter (OD) of a fibre cable:
A 2
B 8
C 10
D 12
Correct Answer = C
If cables are installed and minimum bend radius
are not maintained the performance of the cable
will be affected. Most modern test equipment is
sensitive enough to be able to show where this is
the case during testing and will lead to the cables
failing their tests.
3.08 To maintain a Cat6a performance, minimum bend radius should be how many times the size of th e outside diameter (OD) for UTP and shielded cable:
A 2
B 4
C 6
D 10
Correct Answer = B
If cables are installed and minimum bend radius
are not maintained the performance of the cable
will be affected. Most modern test equipment is
sensitive enough to be able to show where this is
the case during testing and will lead to the cables
failing their tests
3.09 Which cable has a significantly larger minimum bend radius?
A 5
B 5e
C Cat 6
D Cat6a
Correct Answer = D
If cables are installed and minimum bend radius
are not maintained the performance of the cable
will be affected. Most modern test equipment is
sensitive enough to be able to show where this is
the case during testing and will lead to the cables
failing their tests.
3.10 What is the maximum conduit fill ratio
recommended by BS EN 50174 to accommodate
cable bundle bend radius requirements and allow for
future expansion?
A 25%
B 40%
C 60%
D 100%
Correct Answer = B
Standards use complex formulas to calculate the
most efficient fill ratio for containment systems to
ensure cable performance for all installed cabling.
When you loose lay 40% capacity into a
containment system you would be surprised how
full it actually looks because of spaces and gaps
between cables.
3.11 In relation to pathways and containment which of these statements is correct?
A Only rolled edge tray should be used for copper
cables
B You should always take the most direct route
C The pathways systems shall have smooth surfaces
and also be free of burrs, sharp edges or projections that can damage cable insulation and be free of pressure points
D There is no need to bond/earth metallic
containment
Correct Answer = C
Badly installed containment and pathways are the
most likely cause of damage to cables during
installation.
3.12 What factors would determine the choice of cables type/category?
A Cost
B Ease of install
C Bandwidth
D What is already installed
Correct Answer = C
A designer will probably be influenced by all of
these factors, but as an installer your primary
driver should be to provide the service (bandwidth)
required.
3.13 Network connectivity is determined by?
A Standards compliance
B Budget
C Client preference
D All factors
Correct Answer = C
A designer will probably be influenced by all of
these factors, but as an installer your primary
driver should be to provide the service (bandwidth)
required.
3.13 Network connectivity is determined by?
A Standards compliance
B Budget
C Client preference
D All factors
Correct Answer = D
As an installer you will be given the Network
specification, but the designer will have had to
consider many different factors to arrive at the
final specification.
3.14 Which of these H&S issues could arise when using fibre optic cables?
A Electrocution
B Eye damage
C Crush injury
D Back injury
Correct Answer = B
When installing fibre, glass shards are your biggest
problem, when working on live systems the
frequency of light transmitted is not visible to the
human eye . Both of these factors could cause you
irreparable eye damage without due care and
attention.
3.15 Which of the following should you affix cables to?
A False ceiling grid
B The building structure
C Loose laid within the ceiling void
D Ceiling support wires
Correct Answer = B
BS 7671 and BS 6701 deal with the safety of
affixing of cables. Cables mut be permanently
affixed to the fabric of the building in such a way as
to prevent premature collapse in the event of a
fire.
3.16 What is the maximum untwist advised when
terminating jacks and patch panels for Cat 6 cable?
A 6mm
B 12mm
C 13mm
D 15mm
Correct Answer = A
Twist rates in cables are carefully calculated to
ensure peak cable performance. If twist ratios are
not maintained to the minimum required distance
cable performance will rapidly degrade.
3.17 How much cable slack should be allowed within the cabinet?
A As much as is practicable
B 4mts
C 6mts
D 10mts
Correct Answer = C
It is good practice to leave some slack when
installing cables for re‐termination or movement of
panels. It is a difficult balancing act, too much and
you end up with a sea of excess cable which you
can`t manage, too little and re‐termination or
moves are not possible. It will be down to the
installer to assess the individual situation for each
installation.
3.18 What is the maximum recommended pulling tension for 24AWG cable?
A 100 N (22.5 lbf)
B 110 N (25 lbf)
C 120 N (26.9 lbf)
D 125 N (28 lbf)
Correct Answer = B
Ultimately data cables are a length of copper and
plastic. When cable pulling, if excessive strain is
placed on the cable they will become stretched or
deformed which will stop the cable performing in
the way in which it was designed leading to failed
test results.
3.19 What are the benefits of hook and loop ties over
plastic ties?
A Cheaper
B They come in different colours
C Safer for users and create less pressure points
D Easier to install
Correct Answer = C
Hook and loop can be easily adjusted and cause
less pressure on the cables. Unlike nylon zip ties
they do not need to be trimmed after installation
and do not leave sharp burrs.