Ecosystms

Question 1

Niche

Answer 1

A comfortable or suitable position in life.

e.g. The environment

Question 2

Biotic

Answer 2

Biotic factors are factors in the ecosystem that are living

Question 3

Abiotic

Answer 3

Abiotic factors in the ecosystem that are living

Question 4

Preditor

Answer 4

Animals that eat prey

Question 5

Prey

Answer 5

Animal that are eaten by preditors

Question 6

Symbiosis

Answer 6

A relationship between two or more organisms

Question 7

Multrisim

Answer 7

Both organisms benefit

Question 8

Parasitism

Answer 8

One benefits

One gets hurt

Question 9

Commensalism

Answer 9

One organism benefits the other doesn’t care

Question 10

chemosynthetic

Answer 10

describes organisms that produce organic material using energy released from chemical reactions rather than light

Question 11

food chains

Answer 11

A diagram that shows how the energy stored in one organism is passed to another

Question 12

food webs

Answer 12

A diagram showing several food chains joined together to demonstrate that animals eat more than one type of food

Question 13

Trophic level

Answer 13

a level within a food chain, food web or food pyramid

Question 14

First-order

Answer 14

A organism that is within the second trophic level of a food chain (herbivores); also known as a primary consumer

Question 15

primary consumers

Answer 15

the first consumer in a food chain; also known as a first-order consumer

Question 16

second-order

Answer 16

organism that is within the third trophic level of a food chain (carnivores); also known as a secondary consumer

Question 17

secondary consumers

Answer 17

the second consumer in a food chain; also known as a second-order consumer

Question 18

energy pyramid

Answer 18

a representation of the level of food energy at each level within a food chain

Question 19

pyramid of numbers

Answer 19

a representation of the population, or numbers of organisms, at each level within a food chain

Question 20

pyramid of biomass

Answer 20

a representation of the dry mass of organisms at each level within a food chain

Question 21

birth rate

Answer 21

the number of organisms within a population that are born within a particular period of time

Question 22

death rate.

Answer 22

the number of organisms within a population that die within a particular period of time

Question 23

immigration

Answer 23

the number of individuals moving into an area

Question 24

emigration

Answer 24

the number of individuals leaving an area

Question 25

exponential growth.

Answer 25

a rapid increase in number or size, represented by a J-shaped graph

Question 26

sigmoid

Answer 26

the shape of a graph that shows a population increasing in number then reaching a plateau

Question 27

steady state

Answer 27

a state in which conditions are balanced and there is neither growth nor a decrease in number; also known as steady state or plateau phase

Question 28

plateau phase

Answer 28

a state in which conditions are balanced and there is neither growth nor a decrease in number; also known as steady state or plateau phase

Question 29

equilibrium

Answer 29

a state in which conditions are balanced and there is neither growth nor a decrease in number; also known as steady state or plateau phase

Question 30

zero population growth

Answer 30

the point at which birth and death rates balance each other out

Question 31

carrying capacity.

Answer 31

the maximum population size that a particular environment can sustain

Question 32

Producers

Answer 32

organism at the base of the food chain that does not need to feed on other organisms; also known as an autotroph

Question 33

Autotroph

Answer 33

A organism that makes its own food

Question 34

Photosynthesis

Answer 34

the food-making process in plants that takes place in chloroplasts within cells. The process uses carbon dioxide, water and energy from the sun.

Question 35

Fat

Answer 35

an organic substance that is solid at room temperature and is made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms

Question 36

Metabolis

Answer 36

: the chemical reactions occurring within an organism that enable the organism to use energy and grow and repair cells

Question 37

Cellular respiration

Answer 37

the chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP. The body is able to use the energy contained in ATP.

Question 38

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP

Answer 38

a form of energy released during cellular respiration that provides cells with the energy needed to perform their functions

Question 39

Glycolysis

Answer 39

process by which glucose is converted into a simple form, during which energy is released

Question 40

Cytosol

Answer 40

The fluid found inside cells

Question 41

Krebs cycle

Answer 41

part of the aerobic respiration process in which carbon dioxide and ATP (energy) are produced

Question 42

electron transport chain reactions,

Answer 42

part of the aerobic respiration process

Question 43

Mitochondria

Answer 43

small rod-shaped organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell. They are usually too small to be seen with light microscopes. Singular = mitochondrion.

Question 44

Aerobic respiration

Answer 44

the chemical breakdown of food using oxygen. The reaction needs enzymes, occurs in all body cells and releases energy.

Question 45

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 45

the chemical breakdown of food without oxygen. The reaction needs enzymes, occurs in cells and releases less energy than aerobic respiration.

Question 46

Lactic acid

Answer 46

an end product of anaerobic respiration in animals; also known as lactate

Question 47

lactate

Answer 47

an end product of anaerobic respiration in animals; also known as lactate

Question 48

Ethanol

Answer 48

an end product of anaerobic respiration in plants; a form of alcohol