Ecosystems Flashcards
What increases CO₂ levels in the atmosphere?
Respiration, combustion, deforestation
What is combustion?
Burning fuels
What absorbs carbon dioxide?
Forests (photosynthesis), ocean, and soil
Name three non-renewable energy sources.
Coal, oil, natural gas (fossil fuels) and nuclear energy
Name three renewable energy sources.
Solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy
Why do humans remove forests?
For land (development) and resources
What is one effect of deforestation?
Habitat destruction
What does ocean acidification do?
Reduces ocean pH due to increased carbon dioxide
What is an ecosystem?
A network of interactions between living and non-living things
Give an example of an abiotic factor.
Temperature, water, light, air gases, nutrients
Give an example of a biotic factor.
Plants, competition, disease, decomposers
What is a native species?
A species that naturally belongs to an ecosystem
Name two native species in Bali.
Bali myna, Sunda leopard cat
What is the role of forests, the ocean, and soil in the carbon cycle?
They absorb carbon dioxide
Give an example of a non-fossil fuel energy source.
Nuclear energy
List two fossil fuels.
Coal, oil, methane
Name two sources of renewable energy.
Wind energy, tidal energy, solar energy, geothermal energy
What is geothermal energy?
Heat energy from inside the Earth
What is one major effect of deforestation?
Habitat destruction
What does increased CO₂ in the ocean cause?
Ocean acidification
What is an ecosystem?
A system of interactions between living and non-living things
What is an invasive species?
A species introduced to an ecosystem where it does not belong and multiplies quickly
What does ‘extinct’ mean?
A species no longer exists
What does ‘eradicate’ mean?
To completely remove or destroy
What are the effects of carbon monoxide?
Death, climate warming
What are the effects of sulfur dioxide?
Causes acid rain
What are the effects of nitrogen oxides?
Contributes to acid rain
What are the effects of methane?
Contributes to global warming
How does deforestation affect air pollution?
Reduces oxygen production, increases CO₂
Why is renewable energy important?
Reduces pollution, sustainable, does not run out
How does carbon enter the atmosphere?
Respiration, combustion, deforestation
How does ocean acidification affect marine life?
Harms coral reefs, weakens shells of marine animals
What is bioaccumulation?
The buildup of toxic substances in an organism over time
What is biomagnification?
The increase in concentration of a toxic substance as it moves up the food chain
What is an insecticide?
A chemical used to kill insect pests
What does ‘toxic’ mean?
Poisonous
What does ‘persistent’ mean in environmental science?
A substance that remains in the environment for a long time
How does mercury enter the ocean?
Through the use of insecticides
Why is mercury dangerous?
It is toxic and accumulates in organisms
What does clean air have?
78% nitrogen 21% oxygen and a small amount of other gases
What does clean air have?
78% nitrogen 21% oxygen and a small amount of other gases
Effects of water vapour?
Intense storms, flooding
Effects of carbon dioxide?
Global Warming, ocean acidification
