ecosystems

Question 1

ecosystems

Answer 1

a complex system of living organisms and their non-living environment

Question 2

producer/autotroph

Answer 2

makes glucose through photosynthesis
can sustain itself

Question 3

consumer/heterotroph

Answer 3

a living organism that is dependent on other sources to sustain itself since it cannot produce food

Question 4

omnivore

Answer 4

an animal that eats both plants and meat

Question 5

carnivore

Answer 5

an animal that mainly eats meat

Question 6

herbivore

Answer 6

an animal that mainly eats plants

Question 7

food chain

Answer 7

a cycle that connects all organisms in an ecosystem together by identifying who feeds on who

Question 8

decomposer

Answer 8

fungi or mushroom that decomposes detritus

absorbs the nutrients and also releases it into the ground

plants and algae needs said nutrients to grow

Question 9

photosynthesis

Answer 9

a process that green plants convert the sun’s solar energy into glucose/carbohydrates

Question 10

primary consumer

Answer 10

• relies on producers/autotrophs for energy
• includes herbivores

Question 11

secondary consumer

Answer 11

a living organism that eats primary consumers and indirectly relies on producers

includes omnivores and carnivores

Question 12

population

Answer 12

an ecosystem made up of the same species

Question 13

biomass

Answer 13

the mass of dry matter contained in a group of living things

Question 14

detritus

Answer 14

waste and dead remains from plants and animals

Question 15

biodiversity

Answer 15

the number of different species within an ecosystem

Question 16

open populations

Answer 16

populations that are affected by limits of population factors. biotic potential, environmental factors, carrying capacity, and limits of tolerance

Question 17

closed population

Answer 17

populations that are only affected by natality and mortality rates

ex. Global population (we can’t live on another planet)

Question 18

growth ring

Answer 18

refers to the amount of rings there are in a trees wood
rings indicate the amount of years the tree has lived

Question 19

snags

Answer 19

dead or dying trees that provide habitat for birds, insects, bats and raccoons

Question 20

biomes

Answer 20

a collection of ecosystems that are similar to eachother

Question 21

community

Answer 21

an ecosystem made up of all the different species

Question 22

uneven aged stand

Answer 22

a stand of trees that have high levels of biodiversity in terms of height

Question 23

even aged stand

Answer 23

a stand of trees that are the same in height

Question 24

forest succession

Answer 24

the cycle that describes how trees replace each other after they die

when trees mature, they start to rot and die and their nutrients get absorbed by the remaining trees through the soil

ex.

1. forest is cleared from fire/harvest
2. small plants/grass
3. low shrubs
4. higher shrubs
5. sun loving trees (poplar)
6. shade tolerant trees (spruce)

Question 25

emigration

Answer 25

moving out of a population

Question 26

immigration

Answer 26

moving in a population

Question 27

mortality

Answer 27

death rate

Question 28

natality

Answer 28

birth rate

Question 29

natural ecosystem

Answer 29

rivers, lakes and forests not maintained by humans

Question 30

artificial ecosystem

Answer 30

farms, gardens and parks maintained and made by humans

Question 31

habitat

Answer 31

the set of conditions needed for a species to survive

Question 32

steady state

Answer 32

when the population growth is equal to zero

Question 33

population growth formula

Answer 33

Population Growth = (Birth + Immigration) – (Death + Emigration)