Ecosystems

Question 1

in a predator-prey relationship, the predator is an:

Answer 1

organism that eats another organism (the prey)

Question 2

• symbiosis is a:
• types of symbiosis include:

Answer 2

• close and long-term interaction between two species in an ecosystem
• mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism

Question 3

• competition can occur within or between:
• resource partitioning is:
• resource partitioning can reduce:

Answer 3

• species in an ecosystem where there are limited resources
• using the resources in different ways, places, or at different times
• the negative impact of competition on survival

Question 4

• an individual is:
• a population is:
• a community is:
• an ecosystem is:
• a biome is:

Answer 4

• one organism
• a group of individuals of the same species
• all living organisms in an area (animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi)
• all living and nonliving things in an area (plants, animals, rocks, soil, water, air)
• a large area with similar climate conditions that determine plant and animal species there (ex. tropical rainforest)

Question 5

organism interactions
- competition is when organisms:
- it limits:
- it is beneficial for:

Answer 5

• fight over a resource like food or shelter
• population size (not enough resources to go around)
• neither species

Question 6

organism interactions
- predation is when:
- examples include:
- it benefits:

Answer 6

• one organism uses another for energy/as an energy source
• hunters, parasites, herbivores
• one species (the predator) but not the other (the prey)

Question 7

organism interactions
- mutualism is a:
- an example is:

Answer 7

• relationship that benefits both organisms involved
• the coral reef

Question 8

organism interactions
- commensalism is a:
- in example is when:

Answer 8

• relationship that benefits one organism and doesn’t impact the other
• birds nest in trees

Question 9

predation
- herbivores (plant eaters):
- ex.

Answer 9

• eat plants for energy
• giraffe and tree

Question 10

predation
- true predators (carnivores):
- ex.

Answer 10

• kill and eat prey for energy
• leopard and giraffe

Question 11

predation
- parasites:
- ex.
- they draw:

Answer 11

• use a host organism for energy, often without killing the host and often living inside the host
• mosquitoes, tapeworms, sea lamprey
• energy from an organism

Question 12

predation
- parasitoids:
- ex.

Answer 12

• lay eggs inside a host organism; eggs hatch and larvae eat host for energy
• ex. parasitic wasps, bot fly

Question 13

symbiosis
- sym =
- bio =
- osis =
- symbiosis =

Answer 13

• together
• living
• condition/state of being
• condition of two organisms living together

Question 14

• symbiosis is any:
• what are the three symbiotic relationships?

Answer 14

• close and long-term interaction between two organisms of different species
• mutualism (+/+), commensalism (+/0), and parasitism (+/-)

Question 15

• mutualism is a form of symbiosis where:
• better off:
• ex. coral (animals) provide:
• algae provides:
  ex. lichen is a:
• algae provides:
• fungi provides:

Answer 15

• organisms of different species live close together in a way that benefits both
• with it than without it
• reef structure and carbon dioxide for algae
• sugars for coral to use as energy
• composite organism of fungi living with algae; act as one organism
• sugars (energy)
• nutrients (algae to grow)

Question 16

competition is a:
- reduces:
- since there are:

Answer 16

• lose-lose situation
• population size
• fewer resources available and fewer organisms can survive

Question 17

competition
- resource partitioning is when:
- evolution favors traits that allow them to:

Answer 17

• different species use the same resource in different ways to reduce competition
• utilize the same resource but in a slightly different way

Question 17

three types of resource partitioning:

Answer 17

• temporal partitioning, spatial partitioning, morphological partitioning

Question 18

• temporal partitioning is using:
• ex.

Answer 18

• resources at different times
• wolves and coyotes hunting at different times (night vs day)

Question 19

• morphological partitioning is using:
• ex.

Answer 19

• different resources based on different evolved body features
• ex. ferrets and ermines have different sized jaws so they hunt for different prey

Question 20

• spatial partitioning is using:
• ex.

Answer 20

• different areas of a shared habitat
• plants having different length roots