Ecosystem and Biodiversity Flashcards
a community of organisms that
interact with each other and non living components
for sustainable development and adaptation to
changing conditions.
ecosystem
The term ecosystem was first proposed by
_____________ who defined ecosystem as
follows: “Ecosystem is defined as a self-sustained
community of plants and animals existing in its own
environment.
”
A.G.Tansley (1935)
COMPONENTS OF ECOSYSTEM
BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
the physical
and chemical factors that directly or
indirectly affect the living components
e.g. air, water, land, rock etc
Non living components
Physical factors of abiotic components
sunlight, water,
fire, soil, air, temperature etc.
Chemical factors of abiotic components
moisture,
salinity of water, soil nutrients, oxygen
dissolved in water etc.
Living components in an
ecosystem.
Biotic components
3 MAIN GROUPS OF B.C
Producers
Consumers
Decomposers
an organism that can make its own food using energy
from light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals.
producer
A producer, also known as an
autotroph
an organism that consumes other organisms or producers for energy, and is unable to produce its own
food.
CONSUMERS/HETEROTROPHS
4 TYPES OF CONSUMERS
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
Quaternary Consumers
Animal feeding on plants
Herbivores
primary consumer
The animal feeding on Herbivores
Carnivores
secondary consumers
These are large carnivores which feed
on secondary consumers
tertiary consumers
Omnivores
quaternary consumers
They break down the dead organic matter of producers & consumers for their food and release to the environment the simple inorganic and organic substance.
DECOMPOSERS/DETRIVORES
a linear sequence of organisms
through which nutrients and energy pass as one
organism eats another.
food chain
The different levels in a food chain are called
tropic levels
three main tropic levels
Producer level, Consumer level, and decomposer
level.
TYPES OF FOOD CHAIN
Grazing
Detritus
Parasitic
This type of food chain starts
from living green plants goes to
grazing herbivores and onto
carnivores.
grazing food chain
This type of food chain
goes from dead organic
matter onto
microorganisms and then
to the organisms feeding
on detritus and their
predators.
detritus food chain
This type of food chain
starts from big hosts and
ends with parasitic
organisms
parasitic food chain
