Ecosystem

Question 1

Revise graphing procedures

Answer 1

A graph must always have a title, as well as labels on the x-axis and the y-axis. The axis must be labelled, and numbers/words must be placed evenly across the graph to display accurate data. Straight lines are a must on a graph as well.

Question 2

Revise, and compare and contrast food webs and food chains.

Answer 2

A food web shows multiple different food chains in the one diagram and can show multiple organisms that eat the same thing. A food chain on the other hand, can only display one chain at a time.

Question 3

Revise producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers, and decomposers

Answer 3

Producers are the base of a food chain and are almost always a plant or a bacterium. Consumers are unable to produce their own energy and need to source their energy from another place. Primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers feed and gain energy off the organisms before them in the food chain. Decomposers are vital as they turn dead matter into nutrients for the soils.

Question 4

Revise abiotic factors in ecosystems

Answer 4

Abiotic factors in ecosystems include non-living things such as rainfall, weather, Sunlight, soil quality, erosion, minerals, air quality, and more.

Question 5

Revise the biomass pyramid

Answer 5

The biomass pyramid of an ecosystem begins with a producer, who has received a lot of energy, mostly commonly from the sun. 10% of this energy is passed on to the first order consumer (primary consumer) and 90% is lost, and then 10% of that energy is passed on to the second order consumer (secondary consumer), and so on. The producer will always have the most amount of energy, and the highest-level consumer will always have the least.

Question 6

Revise the different types of biotic relationships in ecosystems

Answer 6

The main biotic relationships that exist in ecosystems are competition, parasitism, mutualism, commensalism, and predation.

Question 7

Commensalism

Answer 7

Commensalism is a relationship between to organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected. E.g., tree frogs use plants as protection.

Question 8

Competition

Answer 8

Competition is when two organisms fight over the same resource. E.g., a bird and a meerkat both want the same worm.

Question 9

Parasitism

Answer 9

Parasitism is a relationship between two organisms where one feeds off the other, and harms it, but rarely kills it. E.g., a tick on a dog.

Question 10

Mutualism

Answer 10

Mutualism is a relationship between two organisms where both organisms are benefitted. E.g., bees pollenating flowers.

Question 11

Predation

Answer 11

Predation is a relationship between two organisms where one organism kills and eats the other organism.