ECONOMY

Question 1

What were people’s jobs dependent on?

Answer 1

Trade with other parts of the world

Question 2

What did the majority of the Scotland population live in?

Answer 2

The central belt

Question 3

What is the central belt?

Answer 3

An area of the country stretching from Glasgow in the west to Edinburgh in the east

Question 4

What were the key industries?

Answer 4

Shipbuilding
Engineering
Coal
Iron
Steel

Question 5

What was Glasgow known as?

Answer 5

The city of the empire

Question 6

Who said cities were very successful?

Answer 6

Edwin Muir

Question 7

During what year did Clyde launch 750,000 tons of shipping?

Answer 7

1913

Question 8

What was vital to the Scottish economy?

Answer 8

International trade

Question 9

Why was international trade vital to the Scottish economy?

Answer 9

Because of the food problem ,Scotland relied on places abroad to supply them with 5 days of food whilst they supplied themselves with the other 2 days

Question 10

What was another worrying development?

Answer 10

Foreign competition

Question 11

Why did Scottish factory owners start building factories abroad ?

Answer 11

To take advantage of lower wage costs

Question 12

What were the 5 keys industries that dominated the Scottish economy?

Answer 12

Coal
Iron and steel
Shipbuilding
Fishing
Textiles

Question 13

During what years was coal Scotland’s fastest growing industry ?

Answer 13

1900

Question 14

In 1900 how many miners were employed in Scotland’s coalmines?

Answer 14

Over 150,000

Question 15

What did coal face gorging demands from?

Answer 15

Oil, gas and electricity

Question 16

How did oil,gas and electricity effect coal?

Answer 16

Cut demands for coal in people’s homes

Question 17

What were problems facing the coal industry in 1914? (4)

Answer 17

It was falling behind

Foreign competition took away markets

Oil,gas and electricity cut demands for coal

Mine owners were reluctant to adopt new technology

Question 18

Where are the main coal fields in Scotland?

Answer 18

Central belt
Fife
Ayrshire
Lothian

Question 19

What allowed steel to be mass produced by 1900?

Answer 19

New technology

Question 20

By 1911 how many tonnes of steel were being produced each year?

Answer 20

1 million

Question 21

What towns were steel works built in?

Answer 21

Airdrie
Coatbridge
Mossend
Wishaw

Question 22

Who was park head forge in Glasgow owned by ?

Answer 22

William Beardmore

Question 23

What did park head forge produce?

Answer 23

Armour plate for Royal Navy battle ships

Question 24

What did the Scottish economy have a huge effect on?

Answer 24

Other parts of the world due to globalisation trade

Question 25

What provided a boost for iron and steel industries?

Answer 25

Naval arms race with Germany

Question 26

What shipyards were among the best in the world?

Answer 26

Clyde

Question 27

During what year was the worlds first steel hulled ship launched on the Clyde?

Answer 27

1879

Question 28

How many ships in the world were built on the Clyde?

Answer 28

1 in 5

Question 29

In 1902 how many different years were on the Clyde?

Answer 29

40

Question 30

By 1914 what percentage of the worlds shipping was built on the Clyde?

Answer 30

Almost 20%

Question 31

What was the Clyde yards most important source for orders?

Answer 31

The Royal Navy

Question 32

In 1905 what provided an important boost for shipyards?

Answer 32

The naval arms race | Building of dreadnoughts

Question 33

What allowed fresh fish to be transported across the country?

Answer 33

The growth of railways

Question 34

What was the main catch of Scottish fishermen?

Answer 34

Herring

Question 35

What did the men followed around the coast?

Answer 35

Shoals and herring

Question 36

What did the fisherwomen do at the ports and where were the barrels exported to?

Answer 36

Gut and pack the fish into barrels Russian and Germany

Question 37

During what year was textile production in decline?

Answer 37

By 1900

Question 38

Was textile a major employer?

Answer 38

Yes

Question 39

What's a good example of an industry dependent on international trade?

Answer 39

Jute

Question 40

What is jute?

Answer 40

A raw material for sacking- it was brought to Dundee from Bangladesh and treated with whale oil

Question 41

What else was jute used to make?

Answer 41

Coal sacks | Nose bags for horses

Question 42

How many people were employed in Dundee in the jute industry?

Answer 42

Over 70,000 | Biggest factory in caper town 14,000

Question 43

Why was juteopolis facing difficulties?

Answer 43

Foreign competition, factories in India were being developed within Scottish technology and investment

Question 44

In Paisley what factory provided thousands of people with jobs?

Answer 44

Cotton