Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Economics Theme 1 > Economics theme 2 > Flashcards

Economics theme 2 Flashcards

theme 2

1
Q

Actual growth

A

Economics growth measured by changes in real GDP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Aggregate demand (AD)

A

The total level of demand in an economy at any given price level at any given moment in time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aggregate supply (AS)

A

The total amount of output in an economy at an given price at any given moment in time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Animal spirits

A

The level of confidence of business owners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Balance of payments

A

A record of all financial dealings over a period of time between economic agents of one country and all other countries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Base year

A

A year chosen as a good comparison in a series of data when building an index; it is automatically given an index figure of 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Boom

A

The peak of the business cupel, when growth is high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Budget

A

Where the government lays out their spending and taxation plans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Budget deficit

A

When the government spends more money than it recieves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Budget surplus

A

When the government receives more money than it spends

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Circular flow

A

A model of the economy which shows the flow of goods and services, the factors of production and money around the eocnomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Claimant count

A

A measure of unemployment; the number of people receiving benefits for being unemployed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Consumer Price index

A

Official measure used to calculate the rate of inflation, using a weighted basket of goods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Consumption

A

Consumer spending on goods and services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cost push inflation

A

Inflation caused by a decrease in AS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Current account

A

A record of the parents for the purchase and also of goods an services as well as income and transfers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Current account deficit

A

When more money leaves the country than enters, so the current account is negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Current account surplus

A

When more money enters the country than leaves, so the current account is positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cyclical unemployment

A

Unemployment caused by a lack of AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Deflation

A

A persistent fall in prices of goods and services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Deflationary/ contractionary policy

A

Fiscal or monetary policy which is aimed at reducing AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Demand pull inflation

A

Inflation caused by an increase in AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Depreciation

A

The reduction in the value of machinery overtime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Direct tax

A

Taxes paid straight to the government by the individual taxpayer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Disinflation

A

A reduction in the rate of inflation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Disposable incoems

A

The money consumers have left to spend, after taxes have been taken away and benefits added

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Economic growth

A

An increase in the long term productive potential of the economy: an increase in the amount of goods and services which are produced, measured by an increase in real GDP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Employed

A

Someone who does more than 1 hour of paid work a week or is temporarily away from work, on a government supported training scheme or does a minimum of 15 hours unpaid work for their family business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Expansionary policy

A

Fiscal or monetary policy which is aimed at increasing AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Exports

A

Goods and services sold to foreigners the bring income into the country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Export-led growth

A

Economic growth arising from an increase in exports

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Fiscal policy

A

The use of borrowing, government spending ant action to manipulate the level of AD and improve macroeconomic performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

frictional unemployment

A

Unemployment caused when people move beterrn jobs and enter the job market

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

A

The value of goods and services produced in a country over a given period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

GDP per capita

A

Total GDP divided by the population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Gross investment

A

Investment both to replace old machinery that has depreciated and to create/buy new ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Gross national income (GNI)

A

The value of goods and services produced by a country over a period of time plus net overseas interest payments and dividends

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Gross National Product (GNP)

A

The value of goods and services produced by citizens of a country whether they live in the country or not

39
Q

Government spending

A

Spending by the government on the provision of goods and services

40
Q

Imports

A

Goods and services bought from foreigners that take income out of the country

41
Q

Inactive

A

Those neither employed nor unemployed; those not participating in the job market

42
Q

Income

A

A flow of assets

43
Q

Index number

A

Numbers allowing accurate comparison to be made over time. the base year value is typically 100

44
Q

Indirect tax

A

Tax where the person charged with paying the money to the government is able to pass the cost onto someone else

45
Q

Inflation

A

The general rise in prices of goods and services that erodes the purchasing power of money

46
Q

Injection

A

Spending power entering the circular flow of income resulting from investment, government spending and exports

47
Q

Interventionist supply side policies

A

Policies designed to correct market failure, where the government intervenes in the market

48
Q

Investment

A

Spending by business on capital goods, which leads to the creation of real goods

49
Q

Labour force Survey

A

A measure of uenmployment which surveys people to class them as unemployed, employed or inactive

50
Q

Living standards

A

the quality of life enjoyed by people in the country

51
Q

Long run

A

When all factors of production are variable

52
Q

Long run aggregate supply (LRAS)

A

The total output aj economy can produce when operating at full output

53
Q

Long run trend rate of growth

A

The average sustainable rate of economic growth over a period of time

54
Q

Marginal propensity to consume

A

The proportion of an corneas in income spent on consumption

55
Q

Marginal propensity to import

A

The proportion of an increase in income spent on imports

56
Q

Marginal propensity to save

A

The proportion of an increase in income that is saved

57
Q

Marginal propensity to tax

A

The proportion of an increase in income that is taken away in tax

58
Q

Marginal propensity to withdraw

A

The proportion of an ice erase in income that is withdrawn from the circular flow

59
Q

Market-based supply-side polices

A

Policies which are designed to remove anything which prevents the free market system working efficiently

60
Q

Monetary policy

A

The attempts of the centre bank/ regulatory authority to control the ell of AD by altering base interest rates or the amount of money in the economy

61
Q

Monetary Policy Committee (MPC)

A

Economists who meet monthly to se the Bank rate as well as other monetary instruments

62
Q

Monetary Supply

A

Stock of money in the economy

63
Q

Multiplier

A

An increase in an injection will lead to an even greater increase in national income

64
Q

National expenditure

A

The value of spending y households on goods and services

65
Q

National income

A

The value of money paid by firms to households win return for land, labour, capital and enterprise

66
Q

National Output

A

The value of the flow of goods and services from firms to households

67
Q

Negative output gap

A

When GDP is lower than predicted; the economy is producing below full output

68
Q

Net exports

A

Exports minus imports

69
Q

Net investment

A

Investment adjusted for depreciation; gross investment minus depreciation

70
Q

Nominal GDP

A

GDP which doe snot take inflation into account; GDP at current prices

71
Q

Output gap

A

The difference between the long term trend rate of growth and actual growth

72
Q

Positive output gap

A

When GDP is higher than predicted; the economy is producing above full outputP

73
Q

potential growth

A

A change in the productive potential of the economy

74
Q

Purchasing power parity

A

Exchange rate of one currency to another that compares the cost of living in different countries through comparing a typical basket of goods

75
Q

Quantitative easing

A

When the central bank buys assets in exchange for money in an attempt to increase the money supply

76
Q

Real GDP

A

Gap which strips out the effect of inflation

77
Q

Real wage unemployment

A

Unemployment caused when wages are set above the equilibrium wage rate

78
Q

Recession

A

the trough go the business cycle, when growth is low
the government defines it as where real GDP falls in at least two successive quarters

79
Q

Retail Price Index (RPI)

A

An old measure of inflation which has lost its national statistic status

80
Q

Savings

A

The decision by consumers to postpone consumption

81
Q

Seasonal unemployment

A

Unemployment caused when an industry only operates during certain times of the year

82
Q

Short run

A

When at least one factor of production is fixed

83
Q

Short run aggregate supply (SRAS)

A

Aggregate supply when at least one factor of production is fixed

84
Q

Short run Phillips curve

A

Shows the relationship between unemployment and inflation: higher levels of unemployment lead to lower levels of inflation

85
Q

Structural unemployment

A

Unemployment caused by the long term decline of an industry

86
Q

Supply-side policies

A

Government policies aimed at increasing the productive potential of the economy and shifting LRAS to the right

87
Q

Total GDP

A

The GDP of the whole country

88
Q

Trade (business) cycle

A

the tendency of economic growth to rise and fall above and below the trend rate of economic growth, causing booms and busts

89
Q

Underemployment

A

Those whoa re working part time, on zero hour contracts or on government trainmen shames but would prefer to be full time or those employed in areas below their skill level

90
Q

Unemployed

A

Those who are without work, able to start work in the next 2 weeks and have actively sought work for the last 4 weeks

91
Q

Value of GDP

A

Nominal values of GDP; GDP at current prices

92
Q

Volume of GDP

A

Real values of GDP; the size of the basket of goods

93
Q

Wealth

A

A stock of assets

94
Q

Witdrawal

A

Spending power leaving the circular flow of income from savings. taxation and imports

Economics Theme 1 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions