Economic Rights

Question 1

History of the EU

Answer 1

1951 - European Coal and Steel Community -> aim: safeguard peace

1969 - Human Rights -> Court of Justice of the EU

1992 - Union incl. political integration -> Maastricht Treaty

2009 - community of values -> Lisbon Treaty

Question 2

European Laws

Answer 2

Treaty on the Functioning of the EU (TFEU) - operational rules and functions

Treaty on the European Union (TEU) - framework for political structure, powers, responsibilities

Charter of Fundamental Rights (CFR) - protection of individual liberty and rights -> only in the EU (Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)

European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) -> Protection of human rights -> 47 MS -> (European Court of Human Rights)

Question 3

Two ways of Economic integration

Answer 3

Remove Barriers (Art. 26 TFEU) -> zone without internal boarders -> affects citizens

Creation of similar standards (Art. 114 TFEU) -> guarantee similar standards in the internal market -> affects EU MSs and beyond

Question 4

European Union

Answer 4

• political and economic Union of 27 countries
• economic cooperation, political integration, common policies

Question 5

Euro Area

Answer 5

EU countries that have adopted the Euro as their currency

Question 6

Schengen Area

Answer 6

Abolishes border controls
(including Norway, Iceland, Lichtenstein, Switzerland)

Question 7

Council of Europe

Answer 7

• Human rights, democracy, rule of law
• Overseen by the European Court of Human Rights
• 47 Countries

Question 8

European Economic Area (EEA)

Answer 8

Includes Norway, Iceland, Lichtenstein in EUs single market to ensure free movement

Question 9

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)

Answer 9

Facilitates free trade and economic cooperation while having individual policies and agreements

• Including Norway, Iceland, Lichtenstein and Switzerland

Question 10

European Customs Union

Answer 10

• eliminates customs duties
• including Turkey, Andorra, San Marino, Monaco

Question 11

EU primary law

Answer 11

TEU, TFEU -> its amendments
Protocols
Charter of Fundamental Rights (CFR)

Question 12

Secondary law

Answer 12

Regulartions
Directives
Decisions
Recommendations
–> Art 288 TFEU

Question 13

Regulation (EC) No. 883/2004 on the coordination of social security systems

Answer 13

• no up-front payment because of the EHIC Card (EEA/EU)
• Rates are determined by country of treatment
• public providers only

Question 14

Directive 2011/24/EU on the application of patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare

Answer 14

• Up-front payment and request reimbursement afterwards
• reimbursement according of country of affiliation
• private and public provider