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Theories of Development > Economic Growth and Development // Development as Modernization > Flashcards

Economic Growth and Development // Development as Modernization Flashcards

1
Q

The importance of latitude and geographical isolation (tropical diseases and intense heat, significant volatility of rainfall, and landlocked areas have higher transportation cost)

A

Jeffrey Sachs

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2
Q

These are the key to understanding why some countries developed earlier than others

A

Douglass North

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3
Q

Factors of Production

A

Labor and Capital

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3
Q

Value of output minus value of input used in production

A

Value-Added

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3
Q

The contribution of each factor of production to output

A

Factor Productivity

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3
Q

output is multiplied by the same number as factors of production

A

constant returns to scale

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3
Q

Relative availability of factors of production

A

Factor Abundance

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3
Q

output is multiplied by more than 2 if L and C are multiplied by 2

A

increasing returns to scale

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3
Q

The relationship of the quantities of productive factors and the amount of product obtained

A

Production Function

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3
Q

output is multiplied by less than 2

A

decreasing returns to scale

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4
Q

tells us on average how much one worker contributes to national output given in a year

A

Average Labor Productivity

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4
Q

output increases/decreases caused by an additional ulit of L and C

A

Marginal Productivity

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5
Q

part of the output that L and C cannot explain thought to be the result of technological progress

A

Total Factor Productivity

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6
Q

assumes competetive markets and marginal product of capital, labor intensity increases wirh capital intensity, assumes constant returns to scale, and technology is exogenous

A

Robert Solow’s Growth Model

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7
Q

Growth is generated by endogenous technical change resulting from entreprenurial innovation, optimistic about the possibilities of economic growth and development, growth is boudless, economic incentives bring about technological change that reduces out the use of finite resources and transition to renewable resources

A

Paul Romer’s Endogenous Growth Model

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8
Q

Walt Rostow’s First Stage of Growth

A

Traditional Society

9
Q

Walt Rostow’s Second Stage of Growth

A

Pre-conditions for take-off

10
Q

Walt Rostow’s Third Stage of Growth

A

Take-off

11
Q

Walt Rostow’s Fourth Stage of Growth

A

Drive to maturity

12
Q

Walt Rostow’s Fifth Stage of Development

A

Age of high mass consumption

13
Q

During modernization, development is derived from _________. It is a critique of economic actors and behaviors.

A

Sociology

14
Q

Who created Positivism – empiricist philosophical theory that holds the knowledge is either true by definition of positive-meaning a posteriori facts derived by reason and logic from

A

Auguste Comte

15
Q

Who created Social Darwinism – survival of the fittest and natural selection (evolution of societies)

A

Herbert Spencer

16
Q

Who created Rationalism – Rationality, (Spirit of Capitalism), Work and wealth accumulation as God’s calling

A

Max Weber

17
Q

Who created the Division of Labor – mechanical solidarity > division of labor > organic solidarity > social cohesion

A

Emile Durkheim

18
Q

Under rationalism, it is a methodical orientation toward profit and competition

A

Disciplinary

19
Q

a perceived duty to increase one’s wealth yet the avoidanxe of its enjoyment

A

Ascetic or self-denying

20
Q

Under division of labor, laws of rehabilitation

A

Restitutive Laws

21
Q

Under division of labor, laws of punishment

A

Repressive Laws

22
Q

Who created Types of Societies?

A

Ferdinand Tonnies

23
Q

Also known as community, these are groups based on family or neighborhood bonds that connotes feelings of togetherness

A

Gemeinschaft

24
Q

Also known as society, these are groups sustained by instrumentsl goals

A

Gesellschaft

24
Q

It is a theory where society is seen as an integrated whole, where all parts are interconnected, roles and behavior > social order

A

Structural Functionalism

25
Q

Who created Synthesis

A

Talcott Parsons

26
Q

social-functional imperative about behavioral organism adapted its fuctions to transform the external world

A

Adaptation

27
Q

social-functional imperative about personality systems defined system goals (mobilize resources around _____)

A

Goal Attainment

28
Q

social-functional imperative about social systemd integrated the acting units

A

Integration

29
Q

social-functional imperative about cultural systems provided individuals with norms and values that motivated them

A

Latency

30
Q

In this theory, development is an evolutionart process; new structures; continuous change; new goals

A

Sociological Modernization Theory

Theories of Development (1 decks)

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