economic changes in Nazi germany C7 Flashcards
1
Q
what was the national labour service (RAD)
A
- all men between the ages of 18 and 25 had to spend a minimum of 6 months in the RAD
- they planted forest, mended hedges and dug drainage ditches on farmer fields
- they wore uniforms and lived in camps, but were given free meals and a small wage
2
Q
what was rearmament
A
- the Nazis ordered the rearmament of Germany to rebuild its armed forces
- new tanks, battleships, fighter planes and guns were built, creating thousands of jobs
- huge government arms contracts made factory owners and industrial bosses a fortune
- conscription was introduced in 1935
-had to be in the army for 2 years - numbers rose from 100,000 to 1,400,000 creating even more jobs
3
Q
what were public work schemes
A
- a new network of autobahns to link germanys major towns and citys
- this gave work to nearly 100,000 people
- new schools and hospitals were built, creating even more jobs
4
Q
what was invisible unemployment
A
- women who gave up work to have a family did not get counted in the official figures
- part time workers were counted as full time
- the nazis created jobs by sacking jews and giving their jobs to non-jews
- these unemployed jews did not get counted in the official figures
5
Q
what was the German labour front (DAF)
A
- replaced trade unions
- strikes now illegal, workers needed to permissions to leave jobs
- promised to protect workers rights and improve condition’s
- ran two schemes to improve German lives SDA, KDF
6
Q
what was the beaty of labour scheme (SDA)
A
- tried to improve the workplace by installing better: lighting, safety equipment, new washrooms, low-cost canteens and sports facilities
7
Q
what was the strength through joy scheme (KDF)
A
- organised leisure activities to encourage hard work
- had a reward scheme with chap holidays, theatre trips and football match tickets if workers met targets
8
Q
what was an issue with the KDF
A
the activities were still to expensive for many germans
9
Q
what was the peoples car scheme
A
- this inspired many to work hard and save for a car
- however Hitler did not use any of the money for cars
- he used it to build more weapons
10
Q
why did food start to cost more ?
A
- Germany was trying to be self sufficient and not rely on foreign imports
- this meant there was less food in the shops so shopkeepers charged more
11
Q
what was the economy like under goering
A
- in 1936 Goering introduced the 4 year plan to increase military production
- high targets were set ( and met) in industries such as steel and the production of explosives
12
Q
how was germany becoming self sufficient
A
- made petrol from coal
- made artificial wool from wood pulp
- made make-up from flour
- made coffee from acorns
13
Q
what percent of the population was involved in agriculture and forestry
A
30%
14
Q
how were hitlers policies good for the farmers
A
- farmers taxes were reduced
- farmers could not be thrown of their land in they got into debt
- to keep farms large and controlled by the same families, farmers could not divide land between their children
15
Q
how were hitlers policies bad for the farmers
A
- some farmers did mot like the law that prevented the division of farms because their children had to look for jobs in cities instead
- in the late 1930’s the nazis controlled food prices
16
Q
what are 4 examples of hardship on the home front during the 2nd world war
A
- rationing
- total war
- labour shortages
- bombing and refuges
17
Q
what was rationing
A
- by 1939 food and clothing were rationed
- people were limited to 1 egg a week
- goods like soap and toilet paper were in very short supply
- hot water was rationed to 2 days a week
18
Q
what was total war
A
- in 1942 albert speer was made armaments minister
- he organised the country for total war meaning that everything was focused on making weapons
- beer halls, dance halls and sweet shops were closed
- letter boxes were boarded up
- factories stayed open longer
19
Q
what were labour shortages
A
- women were drafted into work in factories as men were fighting at war
- by 1944 around 7 million foreign worker shad been brought in to work as slave labour in factories
20
Q
what was bombing and refuges
A
- from 1942 britain and America started bombing German cities
- meant there was no electricity, water or transport in many german cities
- thousands lost their homes
- thousands more left their homes to find safety as refuges
