Economic Change - human Flashcards
CS - Location factors of industry, primary
Verwood Chalk Quarry
CS - Location factors of industry, secondary
Shoreham Power Station
CS - Location factors of industry, tertiary
Bluewater shopping centre
Physical factors of Verwood Chalk Quarry?
PRIMARY - Location factors of industry CS
- Completely destroys the landscape - needs to be away from areas of natural importance (eg nature reserves)
- Work is often noisy and polluting so site needs to be situated away from delicate ecosystems
- Creates air pollution due to dust and chemical use
Human factors of Verwood Chalk Quarry?
PRIMARY - Location factors of industry CS
- Material must be easy access so extraction doesn’t cost more than the product being sold
- Quarrying provides employment which supports local economy in surrounding towns
Physical factors of Shoreham Power Station?
SECONDARY - Location factors of industry CS
- Traditionally located close to coastal and estuary areas. Water needed to transport raw materials and cool machinary.
- Old power stations stored raw materials so needed lots of storage and space whereas new gas stations need less, as it can be compressed.
Human factors of Shoreham Power Station?
SECONDARY - Location factors of industry CS
- Industry covers large areas so cost of land must be low
- Transport networks must be sophisticated for importing/ exporting goods
- Large market close by is key. Country needs to be energy hungry.
Physical factors of Bluewater Shopping Centre?
TERTIARY - Location factors of industry CS
- Need space for expansion, large carparks and large stores
Human factors of Bluewater Shopping Centre?
TERTIARY - Location factors of industry CS
- Town centres are very expensive to build on. Building on the urban-fringe is cheaper, and more attractive.
- Public transport connections are essential for generating max amount of customers able to visit.
What is pre-industrial like on the Clarke Fisher Model?
- Primary is main industry
- Uganda is at this stage
- Most people do low paid jobs like farming, fishing, and mining
- pre 1700 Britain was at this stage
What is industrial like on the Clarke Fisher Model?
- Mexico is currently at this stage
- Towns start to grow
- Tertiary starts to provide things like transport, water, and electricity
- Primary goes on rapid decline due to mechanisation on natural resources running out
- Manufacturing industries start to grow and develop due to larger amount of money that can be made
- Tertiary starts to grow, but not as much as secondary
- New factories
- Britain after 1850 had this employment structure
What is post-industrial like on the Clarke Fisher Model?
- UK currently at this stage
- More people living in towns and cities require services
- Tertiary has become most important employment sector
- Secondary starts to die as cheaper to import from abroad
- Quaternary may begin its growth in the later stages
- Knowledge and expertise grow so more people involved in research and consultancy
- People are employed in health, education, transport, and finance
What is the Secondary employment decline case study?
Glasgow
Reasons for the secondary employment decline? Glasgow
GLASGOW CS
- Faster, cheaper, and more efficient to import/ export from factories in L/NIC’s
- Modern communication networks mean UK businesses can keep in close contact with suppliers
- Automation and mechanisation reduced number of needed workers
After war, demand for ships declined = less industry needed - In 1980’s, UK government withdrew their support for traditional industries, such as ship building and steel making
- In the 1980’s, Chinese and Brazilian governments did much to attract traditional UK industries to relocate
- Around 2000, government policy changed to focus on the ‘new economy’ of the tertiary and quaternary sectors
- Ship building industry could no longer compete with cheaper labour in China and India
Rise of secondary industry case study?
China
Causes of the rise of China’s secondary industry?
- Political moves from Communism to Capitalism
- Few regulations to hinder Industrial Growth
- Growing demand for manufactured goods
- Investments from foreign countries (TNC’s)
- Large amount of natural resources
- Large, cheap, and fairly skilled labour force
Benefits of becoming an industrial nation?
CHINA CASE STUDY - Secondary Industry
- Better housing in urban areas
- Improved working conditions for some
- Rising incomes and a higher standard of living for some living in the cities
- A healthy economy with exports exceeding imports
Costs of becoming an industrial nation?
CHINA CASE STUDY - Secondary Industry
- Damage to the environment through use of natural resources: oil, coal, etc.
- Pollution of the air, water, and land by factories and power stations.
- Widening gap between rich and poor
