economic and social developments

Question 1

state capitalism

Answer 1

a halfway house between unfettered capitalism, based on private wealth and free market competition and socialism

Question 2

war communism

Answer 2

The political and economic system in order to keep the towns and red army provided with food and weapons

Question 3

key features of war communism

Answer 3

requisitioning
nationalisation
discipline
rationing

Question 4

economic state control

Answer 4

nationalisation of banks 1917, external trade and railways 1918
Veshenka development
GOELRO development

Question 5

veshenka

Answer 5

supreme council of the national economy responsible for economic institutions

Question 6

GOELRO

Answer 6

state commission organised to produce and distribute electricity

Question 7

problems of state capitalism

Answer 7

workers inability to organise = production decline
workers awarded themselves unattainable pay rises and used stock for personal use
unskilled workforce
civil war = raw materials decline

Question 8

collective farms

Answer 8

apart of requisitioning
aim of efficiency but little compliance
Cheka greediness
peasant unrest grew

Question 9

nationalisation

Answer 9

private traders and manufactures < state control

workers lost freedom

Question 10

red terror

Answer 10

used to create order

Question 11

Tambov revolt 1920-21

Answer 11

famine = revolt and 155 risings

70,000 peasant army vs greens and 100,000 reds when requisitioning forces appeared

Question 12

Kronstadt sailors

Answer 12

1917 - 1921 supporters of Bolsheviks

1921 - rising

Question 13

Kronstadt rising 1921

Answer 13

famine 1921 = reduction by 1/3 in bread rationing = riots
jan martial law declared = soldiers and 30,000 sailors rebelled, Cheka used to defuse
march 1921 Kronstadt manifesto = demanding an end to one-party control
lenin denounced sailors as ‘white traitors’
caused divisions within the party