Economic Activity and Energy

Question 1

primary

Answer 1

jobs in this sector involve getting raw materials from the natural
environment e.g. Mining, farming and fishing.

Question 2

secondary

Answer 2

jobs in this sector involve making things (manufacturing) e.g. making cars and steel

Question 3

tertiary

Answer 3

jobs in this sector involve providing a service e.g. teaching, nursing and
beautician

Question 4

Quaternary

Answer 4

jobs in this sector involve research and development e.g. IT.

Question 5

Quinary

Answer 5

The highest levels of decision making in an economy - the top business executives and officials in government, science, universities, non-profit
organisations, healthcare, culture and the media. It is concentrated in STEM employment

Question 6

Deindustrialisation

Answer 6

when industry especially heavy industry moves away from an area

Question 7

manufacturing

Answer 7

the production of products for use or sale.

Question 8

Mechanisation

Answer 8

process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery

Question 9

outsourcing

Answer 9

work sent elsewhere to save costs

Question 10

raw materials

Answer 10

basic materials from the ground or the earth, in their unprocessed
state.

Question 11

demographics

Answer 11

information about the population and groups within it.

Question 12

social change

Answer 12

changes to the society, changes to institutions or behaviours.

Question 13

globilisation

Answer 13

process of interaction and integration among people

Question 14

mega city

Answer 14

more than 10 million e.g. Tokyo, Laos

Question 15

Transnational corporations

Answer 15

operate in more than one country

Question 16

Disposable income

Answer 16

income remaining after deduction of taxes and social security charges,
available to be spent or saved as the individual wishes.

Question 17

formal employment

Answer 17

Jobs where people work in regular employment, pay taxes and have
employment rights

Question 18

informal employment

Answer 18

Unofficial work, usually without regular pay and workers’ rights

Question 19

Paratransit

Answer 19

service that supplements public transport systems by providing individual rides without fixed routes or timetables

Question 20

Unemployed

Answer 20

not being in paid work but currently available for work.

Question 21

Underemployment

Answer 21

not having enough paid work or not doing work that makes full use of
their skills and abilities

Question 22

Sustainable

Answer 22

To meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of
future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 23

primary energy

Answer 23

doesn’t undergo a conversion process – coal, natural gas and fuelwood.

Question 24

secondary energy

Answer 24

is derived from primary that undergoes processing – electricity, petrol etc.

Question 25

energy mix

Answer 25

the combination of energy sources used to meet the energy needs of
the country

Question 26

energy security

Answer 26

the ability of a nation to secure sufficient, affordable and consistent energy
supplies for its domestic, industrial, transport and military requirements

Question 27

fossil fuels

Answer 27

coal, oil and gas – are non-renewable

Question 28

Renewable

Answer 28

they are from a source which is not depleted when used

Question 29

non renewable

Answer 29

Finite resources, once used cannot be replaced

Question 30

carbon footprint

Answer 30

the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of a particular individual, organization, or community.
Paper 2 – Economic activity and energy