Economic activity Flashcards
Primary sector
The extraction of raw materials and natural resources
Secondary sector
Processing raw materials into manufactured goods
Tertiary sector
Jobs that provide a service
Quaternary sector
The creation of information through research, development and IT
Location factors/ location of industry
The human and physical characteristics of a location that help ensure a business is profitable
Deindustrialisation
The decline in the secondary industry
Mechanisation
The increase in use of machinery in the primary and secondary industry
Post-industrial economy
An economy in which manufacturing declines to be replaced by growth in the service and the quaternary sector
Global shift
The movement of manufacturing industry to cheaper location overseas, often in developing countries of NEEs
Informal economy
Unregistered employment that doesn’t pay tax - not recognised by the government
Subsistence agriculture
Crops grown to eat instead of sell
Commercial farming
Crops grown to sell instead of eat
Renewable energy source
Sources of energy that won’t run out and don’t produce greenhouse gases
Non-renewable energy
Sources of energy that can’t be replaced once they are used up. They are finite
Energy mix
Combination of energy sources used by a country e.g geothermal, solar, coal, natural gas
Energy security
When there is uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price
Energy gap
A gap created due to the lack of energy caused by the phasing out of the use of fossil fuels is greater than the amount of energy being produced from new sources
Energy surplus
When a country produces more energy than it can consume
Energy deficit
When a country uses more energy than it can produce
Energy demand/consumption
How much energy a country needs/uses
Primary energy sources
Fuels that provide energy without undergoing any conversion process e.g. coal, gas or wood
Secondary energy source
Energy sources that undergo processing in order to provide that energy e.g. oil, geothermal energy
Sustainable energy
Energy supplies that remain available in the long-term and help to improve people’s well-being but that minimise the harmful impacts on the environment
Economic activity
The action of making, providing, purchasing or selling goods/services , information or expertise
Employment structure
The proportion of people working in the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary sectors
Decentralisation
The movement of secondary and tertiary industry to the rural-urban fringe
Optimum population
When there is a balance between the number of people in an area and the amount of resources (food, water, energy etc) to support them
