Economic Activity Flashcards
What happens in the pre-industrial stage, the industrial phase and the post-industrial phase?
Pre - primary sector leads economy
Industrial - secondary and tertiary increase in productivity
Post - tertiary sector most important, quaternary starts to appear
What causes the informal sector?
More people moving to urban places than jobs available
Lack of education
Need money
What are the characteristics of the informal sector?
Tertiary sector Associates with shanty towns No health care / protection Risks No minimum age No minimum wage No minimum working hours Black market
What happens as a country moves along the development pathway?
Afford better social services
Earn more money
More disposable income
New technology created new services
What are the four economic sectors? Give an example
Primary - raw materials eg fishing
Secondary - assemble raw materials manufacturing
Tertiary - services transport
Quaternary - specialist information research
What are location factors?
Needs of the activity
Why are businesses setting up on the urban fringe?
Cheap land Room for expansion Car parking Work force Easier access to transport links to transport goods Attractive environment- little pollution
What tends to appear on the urban fringe?
Superstores and retail parks- draw customers from different towns
Industrial estates - purpose built road network
Business park- offices and retail accommodation, leisure activities
Science parks- close to university
What is primary energy?
Fuels that provide energy without undergoing any conversion process
What is secondary energy?
Made from processing primary fuel eg electricity
Why is there an increase in the demand for energy?
Population increase and economic development
Country develops - more energy consuming activities
What is an energy gap?
Difference between a country’s rising demand for energy and its ability to produce that energy from its own sources
What can we do to save energy?
Walk or cycle Insulation Pack empty spaces in the freezer Unplug computer at night Turn off lights Use renewable resources
What are the 3 non-renewable sources of energy?
Coal
Oil
Natural gas
What are the disadvantages of using fossil fuels / non renewable energy?
Pollution Major global warming Acid rain Dangerous Low reserves Explosions
What are the renewable sources of energy?
Hydro-electric Geothermal Wind Tidal Solar Biofuel
What is meant by the term economic sector?
A group of jobs producing similar types of product.
Outline two factors responsible for the growth of tertiary and quaternary activities.
- improvements in technology: no need to hand make some products (secondary)
- Enough goods so demand turns to services.
What are the advantages of using renewable energy sources?
Cleaner Easily available Fewer greenhouse gases Prevents global warming Efficient Small amounts of waste
What is the clarke-fisher model?
A model that shows the sectoral shifts overtime as a country develops.
What happens to each sector as a country develops from pre-industrial phase through industrial to post-industrial? (Clarke fisher model)
Pre industrial: 70% primary employment, 20% secondary, 10% tertiary
Industrial: 45% secondary employment, 30% tertiary, 30% primary
Post industrial: 55% tertiary employment, 30% secondary, 10% primary, 5% quaternary
What factors are affecting the changing location and growth of tertiary and quaternary activities?
Location factors e.g. Accessibility Transport New technology Government policy
What is a disposable income?
People have money left after buying the basics to spend on luxuries such as entertainment, holidays, recreation, eating out
What are all the different sectors?
Primary: farming
Secondary: manufacturing, factories
Tertiary: services e.g. Doctors, banking, accountants
Quaternary: research + tech
