Economic Activity

Question 1

What happens in the pre-industrial stage, the industrial phase and the post-industrial phase?

Answer 1

Pre - primary sector leads economy
Industrial - secondary and tertiary increase in productivity
Post - tertiary sector most important, quaternary starts to appear

Question 2

What causes the informal sector?

Answer 2

More people moving to urban places than jobs available
Lack of education
Need money

Question 3

What are the characteristics of the informal sector?

Answer 3

Tertiary sector 
Associates with shanty towns
No health care / protection
Risks 
No minimum age
No minimum wage
No minimum working hours
Black market

Question 4

What happens as a country moves along the development pathway?

Answer 4

Afford better social services
Earn more money
More disposable income
New technology created new services

Question 5

What are the four economic sectors? Give an example

Answer 5

Primary - raw materials eg fishing
Secondary - assemble raw materials manufacturing
Tertiary - services transport
Quaternary - specialist information research

Question 6

What are location factors?

Answer 6

Needs of the activity

Question 7

Why are businesses setting up on the urban fringe?

Answer 7

Cheap land
Room for expansion 
Car parking 
Work force
Easier access to transport links to transport goods
Attractive environment- little pollution

Question 8

What tends to appear on the urban fringe?

Answer 8

Superstores and retail parks- draw customers from different towns
Industrial estates - purpose built road network
Business park- offices and retail accommodation, leisure activities
Science parks- close to university

Question 9

What is primary energy?

Answer 9

Fuels that provide energy without undergoing any conversion process

Question 10

What is secondary energy?

Answer 10

Made from processing primary fuel eg electricity

Question 11

Why is there an increase in the demand for energy?

Answer 11

Population increase and economic development

Country develops - more energy consuming activities

Question 12

What is an energy gap?

Answer 12

Difference between a country’s rising demand for energy and its ability to produce that energy from its own sources

Question 13

What can we do to save energy?

Answer 13

Walk or cycle 
Insulation 
Pack empty spaces in the freezer 
Unplug computer at night 
Turn off lights
Use renewable resources

Question 14

What are the 3 non-renewable sources of energy?

Answer 14

Coal
Oil
Natural gas

Question 15

What are the disadvantages of using fossil fuels / non renewable energy?

Answer 15

Pollution
Major global warming
Acid rain
Dangerous
Low reserves
Explosions

Question 16

What are the renewable sources of energy?

Answer 16

Hydro-electric 
Geothermal 
Wind
Tidal
Solar
Biofuel

Question 17

What is meant by the term economic sector?

Answer 17

A group of jobs producing similar types of product.

Question 18

Outline two factors responsible for the growth of tertiary and quaternary activities.

Answer 18

• improvements in technology: no need to hand make some products (secondary)
• Enough goods so demand turns to services.

Question 19

What are the advantages of using renewable energy sources?

Answer 19

Cleaner
Easily available
Fewer greenhouse gases
Prevents global warming
Efficient
Small amounts of waste

Question 20

What is the clarke-fisher model?

Answer 20

A model that shows the sectoral shifts overtime as a country develops.

Question 21

What happens to each sector as a country develops from pre-industrial phase through industrial to post-industrial? (Clarke fisher model)

Answer 21

Pre industrial: 70% primary employment, 20% secondary, 10% tertiary

Industrial: 45% secondary employment, 30% tertiary, 30% primary

Post industrial: 55% tertiary employment, 30% secondary, 10% primary, 5% quaternary

Question 22

What factors are affecting the changing location and growth of tertiary and quaternary activities?

Answer 22

Location factors e.g.
Accessibility
Transport
New technology
Government policy

Question 23

What is a disposable income?

Answer 23

People have money left after buying the basics to spend on luxuries such as entertainment, holidays, recreation, eating out

Question 24

What are all the different sectors?

Answer 24

Primary: farming
Secondary: manufacturing, factories
Tertiary: services e.g. Doctors, banking, accountants
Quaternary: research + tech

Question 25

What is finite energy?

Answer 25

Resources of energy that have the potential to run out e.g. Coil, oil, gases etc

Question 26

What’s happening to the global energy demand?

Answer 26

It is constantly rising across the world with population and technology.

Question 27

What should we do for the future?

Answer 27

• use more renewable instead or non renewable sources
  
  • healthier for environment
• improve efficiency
• lifestyle changes
• diversify energy suppliers (make more links between countries)