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Biology > Ecology Unit > Flashcards

Ecology Unit Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Group of same species living in the same place and time and able to interbreed.

A

Population

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2
Q

Demographics

A

Study of populations and their structure, growth, and potential.

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3
Q

Population Descriptions

A

Size, Density, Dispersion

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4
Q

Even Dispersion

A

Allows territory for organisms

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5
Q

Random Dispersion

A

Randomly Dispersed
Ex: Wind dispersed seeds

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6
Q

Clumped Dispersion

A

Organized Colonies

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7
Q

Fitness

A

ability to reproduce successfully

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8
Q

Survivorship

A

Lifespan distribution over time

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9
Q

Limited Resource

A

Keeps population a certain size

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10
Q

R Strategists

A
  • Rapid Reproduction
  • Quick Life Cycle
    Ex: Insects, fish, rats, bacteria, rabbits
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11
Q

K Strategists

A

-Slow Reproduction
- Short Life Cycle
Ex: Elephants, Penguins, Humans

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12
Q

Surplus of resources cause a population to…

A

rapidly increase

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13
Q

Limited resources cause a population to…

A

Stay a certain size

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14
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

Maximum number of organisms an ecosystem can hold

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15
Q

Boom

A

Rapid Growth

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15
Q

Exponential Growth

A

Fast growth (J curve)

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16
Q

Bust

A

Rapid death

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17
Q

Lag Time

A

Delay

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18
Q

Logistic Growth

A

Slow growth (S curve)

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19
Q

Density Dependent

A

Needed to survive
Ex: resource competition, health/disease, predator/prey, stress

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20
Q

Density Independent

A

Don’t need to survive
Ex: wealth/seasonal changes, natural disasters (fire, tsunamis, earthquake)

20
Q

Resource Partitioning

A

How we share resources in order for organisms to coexsist

21
Q

Community

A

Different living species

22
Q

Population (2)

A

One Species

23
Q

Ecosystem

A

Living and Non-Living

24
Q

Relative Abundance

A

Species Evenness, number of organisms of each species

25
Q

Dominant Species

A

Has the most control over the community structure, is the top of the food chain
(Killer Whale, top of food chain, eats everything)

25
Q

Competitive Exclusion Principal

A

Species competing for the same resources cannot coexist without harm

26
Q

Keystone Species

A

Most important organism, if eliminated food web collapses

27
Q

Succession

A

The changing within an ecosystem
Due to: Competition and death

28
Q

Key to forming niches

A

Evolution

29
Q

Niche

A

Role or job and organism plays in an environment
ex: Predator and Prey

30
Q

Types of Niches

A

Generalists and Specialists

31
Q

Generalists

A

Consume a wide variety or resources
(Pigs)

32
Q

Specialists

A

Only consumes one thing
(Panda=Bamboo)

33
Q

Fundamental Niche

A

Wide range of resources that could be used

34
Q

Realized Niche

A

Range of resources that actually are gained access to

35
Q

Symbiosis

A

Close Interactions within a community

36
Q

Autotroph

A

Producers (Make their own food)

37
Q

Heterotroph

A

Consumers (Eat producers and other consumers)

38
Q

Detrivore Sophogrite

A

Decomposers

39
Q

Amount of energy passed on throughout food chain

A

10-20%

40
Q

Energy organism keeps

A

90%

41
Q

Primary Succession

A

When an environment goes from nothing (rocks) into something

42
Q

Secondary Succession

A

When an environment goes from something into something

43
Q

Biom

A

Types of organisms characterized by plants, climate, and animals

44
Q

Competition (-,-)

A

Intraspecific- Same Species
Interspecific- Between Speices

45
Q

Commensalism

A

(+,0)

46
Q

Mutualsim

A

(+,+)

46
Q

Neutralism

A

(0,0)

46
Q

Predation (+,-)

A

Carnivory
Herbivory

46
Q

Parasitism

A

Exoparasites- outisde
Endoparasites- inside

Biology (2 decks)

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