Ecology Powerpoint Flashcards
What is species richness?
Provide examples of species included
The variety of life present in the community.
E.g. Different plants, animals, fungi, protists and monerans
What is diversity?
Variation in the number of differences
What is genetic diversity?
The diversity in the gene pool of the species
What is ecosystem diversity?
The number of different ecosystems in an area- e.g. Mangroves, coral, reef, rainforests, etc
What is the basic definition of biodiversity(species richness biodiversity)?
The basic definition of biodiversity is species richness; the number of species in a given habitat or worldwide
What is a genetic characteristic?
A genetic characteristic is a feature or trait produced by genes which have been inherited
What is genetic biodiversity?
Genetic biodiversity is the level of genetic diversity within a species, which may influence the species’ future growth
Why are species with low genetic diversity less likely to survive?
Species with low genetic diversity are less likely to survive because of environmental stresses, because they have fewer genetic options when problems occur.
Why are species with high genetic biodiversity more likely to survive?
As they have more genetic options when environmental problems occur.e.g. Amphibians are able to breathe in water and on land giving them more genetic choices.
Statement:
Life on earth is distributed among many types of habitats, each of which provides a suitable living environment for specific kinds of organisms.
No answer, it was a statement:p
What effect could the loss of an ecosystem have?
Many ecosystems at made up of species that have adapted to life under u usual conditions. The loss of these unique ecosystems can wipe out the many species that are highly specialized in the ecosystems and are unable to shift to other areas.e.g.hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor
What gives ecosystems favourable conditions?
Abiotic factors (temperature, light, pH, water, etc) and Biotic factors (mating, competition, predators, prey, etc)
What is an example of an ecosystem with a high amount of productivity and why does it have a high a out of productivity?
Rainforests, they have good abiotic and biotic factors. Animals and plants have access to lots of water and sunlight, etc
How can biodiversity be increased or decreased?
By changing the abiotic and biotic factors that affect the ecosystem
Is an ecosystem with rich biodiversity considered healthy? If so why
An ecosystem with a rich species diversity is generally more healthy. Food webs in these ecosystems will be more complex and the removal or reduction of one species is less likely to have a radical effect on the ecosystem as food and she,Ted may be found elsewhere
What is ecology?
The study of how living things relate to each other and to their environment
What does environment in ecology refer to?
Environment refers to all the conditions in which the organism lives that affect the growth and development of the organism. Abiotic and biotic factors
What is an ecosystem?
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with one another and their non-living environment within a particular area
Does the earth count as an ecosystem?
The earth itself is a true ecosystems no part of it is completely isolated from the rest.
Ecosystem=Community+Environment
Define Community
The sum of the different organisms inhabiting the same area at the same time
Define Communities (PowerPoint definition)
Populations of different species of organisms
Define population (PowerPoint definition)
A group of organisms of the same species living together in a defined geographical area.
What is the Biosphere?
The part of the earth inhabited by living organisms, including land,Moran and the atmosphere in which life can exist.
It is the global ecosystem.
What is a Habitat?
The particular place within the ecosystem where an organism lives and to which it is adapted.
-What is your habitat?
Define Niche
The functional role of an organism in an ecosystem
What to adaptations refer to?
Adaptations refer to the inherited structures, functions and behaviours that makes it well suited to its environment and lifestyle. Organisms may become highly specialized depending on their niche
What are abiotic factors?
These are the non-living features of an ecosystem.
I.e. The physical and chemical conditions that affect the community
What are some examples of abiotic factors?
Temperature, light, air speed, water current, humidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, nitrate, phosphate, and other plant nutrients, etc
What are biotic factors?
Biotic cofactors are the living features of an ecosystem that affect the other members of the community
What are some examples of biotic factors?
Plants for food and shelter,
Predators, prey, parasites and pathogens
Decomposes, competitors, pollinators, etc
What are the environmental factors of an aquatic environment?
Light penetration, currents, wave action (also considered as abiotic factors)
What are producers (Autotrophs)?
Organisms capable of making t heir own food by photosynthesis.
E.g. Green plants
Statement: Autotrophs undergo photosynthesis or chemosynthesis to convert inorganic matter (from an external source) into organic matter.
Statement: primary producers are the first members of a food chain
What are consumers (heterotrophs)?
Organisms that feed on other organisms. They cannot make their own food.
What are the types of consumers?
There are 3 types of consumers:
Primary consumers- feed on producers ( herbivores )
secondary consumers- feed on primary consumers ( usually omnivores, may be carnivores sometimes )
Tertiary consumers- feed on secondary consumers (carnivores)
What are herbivores?
Herbivores are consumers that graze directly on producers and are called first-order or primary consumers
What are carnivores?
Carnivores are consumers that eat other consumers. They are predators: they catch live prey. second-order or secondary consumers are carnivores that feed on herbivores .
