ECOLOGY Outcomes 4.1 - 4.3 (Test on Wednesday, March 2, 2016) Flashcards
What is the level of a Producer in the trophic levels?
1st level in the trophic levels
What is the meaning of the term, “Small animals eat herbivores”?
The number of herbivores available limits the number of small animals that can survive.
What life forms on Earth can use the sun’s energy to DIRECTLY make food?
Plants
What is the materials in how life forms use energy to create and food that they need?
Building Blocks
What is a Carnivore? 2
An organism that only eats animals.
Ex: Sharks, Lion, Wolf
When you eat something, around only what percent of the energy available is used by your body? 2
10%
This fact reveals the Pyramid of Energy Flow
What is some of the energy lost on?
Some of the energy is lost as heat
What is the Pyramid of Numbers? 2
Refers to the simple idea that describes why some organisms are rare while others are very common
Can be explained by looking at the Trophic levels.
When an organism (higher on the food chain) eats another organism (lower on the food chain) the amount of energy transferred to the next trophic level is between what percentage? 4
The amount of energy transferred to the next trophic level is between 5-20%.
This means that 80-95% of the stored energy is lost.
Most is lost as WASTE
Some is lost as HEAT
Where is most of the energy that is stored in an organism located?
The body tissue
What is Biology?
It is the study of how and why living things work.
What is a TERTIARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels? 3
Eat larger animals
Top of the food chain
Ex: Large carnivores
What is energy mostly lost on?
It is mostly lost as waste.
What is the level of a PRIMARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels?
2nd level in the trophic levels
What is the meaning of the term, “Big animals eat small animals”?
The number of small animals available “limits” the numbers of big animals that can survive.
What are Trophic cascades?
Is it when predators in a food web suppress the abundance or alter the behavior of their prey, thereby releasing the next lower TROPHIC level from predation (or herbivory if the intermediate TROPHIC is a herbivore.
What is the Pyramid of Energy Flow?
Refers to how energy can be stored in an organism.
Ex: Like a battery that stores electrical energy.
What is Ecology?
It is the study of the interactions between living things and their environment.
What is the level of a SECONDARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels?
3rd level in the trophic levels
What is a PRIMARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels? 2
Eat plants
Ex: Herbivores
What are Omnivores? 2
An organism that eats both plants nad animals
Ex: Humans
What is a pyramid of Biomass? 4
Refers to how much (mass) of a particular species or trophic level is present in an area.
In a defined area the biomass of producers is (usuallly) GREATER than the biomass of primary consumers.
The biomass of primary consumers is (usually) GREATER than the biomass of the secondary consumers.
This trend continues as you move up the food chain.
What is a PRODUCER in the trophic levels? 3
The bottom of the food chain
Most can use energy from the sun directly
They can make the food they need
