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Pb Science > ECOLOGY Outcomes 4.1 - 4.3 (Test on Wednesday, March 2, 2016) > Flashcards

ECOLOGY Outcomes 4.1 - 4.3 (Test on Wednesday, March 2, 2016) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the level of a Producer in the trophic levels?

A

1st level in the trophic levels

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2
Q

What is the meaning of the term, “Small animals eat herbivores”?

A

The number of herbivores available limits the number of small animals that can survive.

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3
Q

What life forms on Earth can use the sun’s energy to DIRECTLY make food?

A

Plants

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4
Q

What is the materials in how life forms use energy to create and food that they need?

A

Building Blocks

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5
Q

What is a Carnivore? 2

A

An organism that only eats animals.

Ex: Sharks, Lion, Wolf

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6
Q
A
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7
Q

When you eat something, around only what percent of the energy available is used by your body? 2

A

10%

This fact reveals the Pyramid of Energy Flow

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8
Q

What is some of the energy lost on?

A

Some of the energy is lost as heat

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9
Q

What is the Pyramid of Numbers? 2

A

Refers to the simple idea that describes why some organisms are rare while others are very common

Can be explained by looking at the Trophic levels.

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10
Q

When an organism (higher on the food chain) eats another organism (lower on the food chain) the amount of energy transferred to the next trophic level is between what percentage? 4

A

The amount of energy transferred to the next trophic level is between 5-20%.

This means that 80-95% of the stored energy is lost.

Most is lost as WASTE

Some is lost as HEAT

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11
Q

Where is most of the energy that is stored in an organism located?

A

The body tissue

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12
Q

What is Biology?

A

It is the study of how and why living things work.

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13
Q

What is a TERTIARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels? 3

A

Eat larger animals

Top of the food chain

Ex: Large carnivores

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14
Q

What is energy mostly lost on?

A

It is mostly lost as waste.

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15
Q

What is the level of a PRIMARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels?

A

2nd level in the trophic levels

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16
Q

What is the meaning of the term, “Big animals eat small animals”?

A

The number of small animals available “limits” the numbers of big animals that can survive.

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17
Q

What are Trophic cascades?

A

Is it when predators in a food web suppress the abundance or alter the behavior of their prey, thereby releasing the next lower TROPHIC level from predation (or herbivory if the intermediate TROPHIC is a herbivore.

18
Q

What is the Pyramid of Energy Flow?

A

Refers to how energy can be stored in an organism.

Ex: Like a battery that stores electrical energy.

19
Q

What is Ecology?

A

It is the study of the interactions between living things and their environment.

20
Q

What is the level of a SECONDARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels?

A

3rd level in the trophic levels

21
Q

What is a PRIMARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels? 2

A

Eat plants

Ex: Herbivores

22
Q

What are Omnivores? 2

A

An organism that eats both plants nad animals

Ex: Humans

23
Q

What is a pyramid of Biomass? 4

A

Refers to how much (mass) of a particular species or trophic level is present in an area.

In a defined area the biomass of producers is (usuallly) GREATER than the biomass of primary consumers.

The biomass of primary consumers is (usually) GREATER than the biomass of the secondary consumers.

This trend continues as you move up the food chain.

24
Q

What is a PRODUCER in the trophic levels? 3

A

The bottom of the food chain

Most can use energy from the sun directly

They can make the food they need

25
Q

How many distinct levels of trophic levels are there?

A

There are 4 distinct trophic levels

26
Q

What life forms on Earth can use the sun’s energy to INDIRECTLY make food?

A

Animals

27
Q

What is the process called in which the sun burns Hydrogen?

A

Fusion

28
Q

What do we look at when we analyze the relationships between the organisms that harness the sun’s energy?

A

The Trophic levels

29
Q

Referring to your organism, what are some things that might limit how many individuals of that organism can live in one location? 6

A

Food is limited

Water is Limited

Territorial Dispute

Prey moves a lot

They prone to hunters and environmental disasters

Disease can spread rapidly

30
Q

What is a Decomposer? 2

A

An organism that consumes any remaining dead plant and animal matter

Ex: Fungi(Mushrooms)

31
Q

What are trophic levels? 2

A

A trophic level represents a specific level of a FOOD CHAIN.

It is a series of organisms that show predator–prey relationships

32
Q

What is an Ecosystem?

A

Are all the parts that make up a biological community and its environment.

33
Q

What is a Detritivore/Saprotroph? 2

A

An organism that only eats the bodies of smaller dead animals, dead plant matter and animal dung

Ex: Earhworms

34
Q

What is it called when predators in a food web suppress the abundance or alter the behavior of their prey, thereby releasing the next lower TROPHIC level from predation (or herbivory if the intermediate TROPHIC is a herbivore?

A

Trophic cascades

35
Q

What do all living things need to survive?

A

energy

36
Q

What happens when the energy source that the food its food needs to get runs out?

A

The life form dies.

37
Q

What are the 5 different kinds of Consumers/Heterotrophs?

A

Herbivores

Omnivores

Carnivores

Decomposers

Detritivores/Saprotrophs

38
Q

What are Herbivores? 2

A

An organism that only eats plants

Ex:Caterpillars

39
Q

What virtually all life on Earth get its energy from?

A

Light energy from the sun

40
Q

The chemical energy does what as the Trophic Levels increases? 2

A

Decreases

It explains why most food chains have only 4 links

41
Q

What is a SECONDARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels? 2

A

Eat small animals

Ex: Small carnivores

42
Q

What is the level of a TERTIARY CONSUMER in the trophic levels?

A

4th level in the trophic levels

Pb Science (10 decks)

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