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Ecology > Ecology Exam 1 > Flashcards

Ecology Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Oikos

A

Greek word for house

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2
Q

Ecology

A

The study of all the complex interrelationships referred to by Darwin as the conditions of the struggle for existence

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3
Q

Trophic levels

A

where you fall into the food chain

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4
Q

Guilds

A

is any group of species that exploit the same resources

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5
Q

Levels of organization

A

Organisms, populations, Guilds, Communities

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6
Q

Behavioral Ecology

A

the study of how the behavior of individuals affect the way they can survive and reproduce

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7
Q

Autecology

A

physical factors that affect organism in different environments

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8
Q

Population ecology

A

the study how groups and individuals belong to each other

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9
Q

Ecosystem

A

the study of the flow of energy

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10
Q

Community ecology

A

how population from different species interact mutually

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11
Q

Global ecology

A

how does the distribution of species change with the rising temperature

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12
Q

Landscape ecology

A

the study of the pattern and interaction between ecosystems within a region of interest,

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13
Q

Symbiosis

A

is the close mutual relationship between two species

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14
Q

Mutualism

A

when one provides something the other organism needs

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15
Q

Dynamic steady state

A

When gains and losses are balanced, ecological systems remain unchanged

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16
Q

Natural selection

A

is not evolution

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17
Q

Large systems change more

A

slowly than small systems

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18
Q

Mathematical model

A

Uses a set of equations to attempt to predict what will happen

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19
Q

Microcosm

A

attempting to replicate environmental situations in hypothesis testing within the lab.

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20
Q

Natural experiment

A

which relies on natural variation in the environment to create reasonably controlled experiment factors

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21
Q

Human are a part of the

A

natural system

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22
Q

Scales of pattern and process vary

A

in space and time

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23
Q

El Nino

A

Warmer (tropical eastern Pacific ocean) Weaker trade winds don’t force the warm towards Australia and Indonesia and no upwelling occurs. Changes the weather around, causes drought in Australia. Fish die.

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24
Q

El Nina-

A

cooler (tropical eastern Pacific ocean) trade winds pushes warm water towards Indonesia. Pushes was from Indonesia back to the east (upwelling- bring nutrient rich water).

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25
Q

What causes the temperature change- trade winds

A

Coriolis

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26
Q

Zenith

A

the suns highest position each day

27
Q

Thermohaline circulation

A

causes the North Atlantic deep water. It moves salty warm water higher in latitude. Salty water does not freeze further increasing its density and finally dropping back. This causes upwelling. Ice melting prevents the formation of north Atlantic deep water

28
Q

Mediterranean climate

A

same season patterns of climate

29
Q

Spring overturn-

A

brings nutrients from the bottom to the top and oxygen to the bottom

30
Q

Epilimnion

A

Upper level

31
Q

hypolimnion

A

Lower layer

32
Q

Thermocline

A

Later in spring and early in summer, surface water gains heat faster than deep water creating an abrupt change in temperature in the intermediate level.

33
Q

too much nutrients on the surface with an explosion in population of phytoplanton

A

Fall autumn

34
Q

Stratification

A

Water does not move across this layer because warmer water will be less dense than the layer, this is called

35
Q

Rain shadows

A

the dry other side of the mountain, caused by wind pushing wind upward ward and cause the cooling of dry air to fall on the other side- Great Basin Desert, Gobi desert.

36
Q

Hadley circulation

A

As hot air rises it will reach a point where it cools off. This will generally travel 30 degrees north and south before it becomes dense enough to sink back towards the equator.

37
Q

Intertropic convergence

A

where air from the northern and southern subtropics meet near the equator and rise.

38
Q

Conditions in the tropics are not more humid because

A

This occurs because the cycling of weather occurs faster (evaporation/ condensing and precipitation)

39
Q

Subtropical high pressure belts

A

The descending dry cooled air moving away from the intertropic convergence cause areas of higher pressure.

40
Q

Equilibrium water vapor pressure

A

the amount of water evaporating and precipitating coming to equilibrium

41
Q

Climate

A

long term weather pattern

42
Q

Conduction

A

transfer of heat energy from molecule to molecule

43
Q

Convection

A

transfer of heat from one place to another via fluids

44
Q

Latent heat

A

…

45
Q

Global Energy Budget

A

how much energy is coming on the world and how much is coming out

46
Q

Sensible Heat

A

…

47
Q

Green house

A

allows visible light to pass and blocks radiation to some extent

48
Q

Adiabatic lapse rate

A

5.5 per 1km elevation gain

49
Q

Lapse rate

A

rate of change of any meteorological factor with altitude, esp atmospheric temperature,

50
Q

High latitude

A

the beam is being spread out over a greater distance

51
Q

Wind patterns

A

are caused by the effects of insolation and the rotation of the earth

52
Q

Insolation

A

is a measure of solar radiation energy received on a given surface area and recorded during a given time.

53
Q

Hadley predicted

A

predicted hot air rising at the equator and moving north where it sinks and then moves towards the equator again

54
Q

Regions of winds

A

Combination of convections cells and coriolis effects

55
Q

Doldrums

A

air is rising, no horizontal winds

56
Q

Milonkavish cycle

A

…

57
Q

Coriolis effect

A

caused by moving north or south on a rotating earth

58
Q

Warm air hold lots of moisture

A

Cold air from bottom cools the warm air around it, releasing the moisture from it.

59
Q

Are the polls dry or wet

A

Extremely dry

60
Q

Factors that will affect regional climate

A

How close are you to the ocean

61
Q

Topography

A

What area you are in, influences temperature and wind

62
Q

Albedo

A

reflectivity

63
Q

Higher Albedo

A

Higher Reflectivity

64
Q

Seasonal climatic variation is caused by?

A

Changes in earth’s position relative to the sun ( based on the tilt of the earth)

Ecology (1 decks)

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