Ecology

Question 1

How does a producer make its own food?

Answer 1

By performing photosynthesis?

Question 2

What are the seven classification levels?

Answer 2

Kingdom, phylum ,class, order ,family, genus, species.

Question 3

Give two reasons why biodiversity is important?

Answer 3

Moral reasons, species may be useful to us, protects food supply, limits large changes to food chains and webs.

Question 4

What is bacterial resistance?

Answer 4

How bacteria becomes resistant to antibiotics.

Question 5

What is a food chain?

Answer 5

A diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms.

Question 6

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 6

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Question 7

Give an examples of a physical adaptation.

Answer 7

Sharp teeth, camouflage, spikes, foot surface area.

Question 8

Give an example of a microbe decomposer.

Answer 8

Bacteria, fungi.

Question 9

In a food chain or web, what name is given to an organisms that eats the producer?

Answer 9

The primary consumer.

Question 10

In a food chain or web, why are the arrows drawn from the organism being eaten to the organism eating it?

Answer 10

To show the flow of energy.

Question 11

What name is given to organisms that eat animals?

Answer 11

Predators

Question 12

Name two ways in which scientists try to maintain biodiversity.

Answer 12

Gene banks, protection of habitats, breeding programmes.

Question 13

Give two sources of evidence for evolution?

Answer 13

The fossil record, bacterial resistance.

Question 14

Name two things that can cause extinction.

Answer 14

New predators, new diseases, changes to habitat, more successful competitors, catastrophic events(like volcanoes or asteroid impacts)

Question 15

How can scientists estimate population size?

Answer 15

Using quadrats(sampling from a larger area)

Question 16

What is interdependence?

Answer 16

How organisms depend on each other for survival.

Question 17

What can mutations result in?

Answer 17

Slight changes to an organisms adaptations.

Question 18

What is a species.

Answer 18

A group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.

Question 19

What name is given to organisms that make their own food?

Answer 19

Producers

Question 20

What is extinction?

Answer 20

When an entire species dies out.

Question 21

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 21

Carbon Dioxide + water –> Glucose + oxygen

Question 22

What is a food web?

Answer 22

A food web is a set of linked food chains.

Question 23

What is competition?

Answer 23

Where organisms have to struggle against each other for resources.

Question 24

In a food chain or web, which direction are the arrows drawn in?

Answer 24

From the organism being eaten to the organism eating it.

Question 25

What is a mutation?

Answer 25

A change to an organisms DNA.

Question 26

What is decay

Answer 26

The breakdown of dead organisms.

Question 27

What are the five chordate groups?

Answer 27

Mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians.

Question 28

What is an adaptation?

Answer 28

A way in which an organism suits its environment

Question 29

In a food chain or web, what name is given to an organisms that eats the secondary consumer?

Answer 29

The tertiary consumer.

Question 30

Why do organisms eat each other?

Answer 30

To get energy and nutrients.

Question 31

What diagram do scientists use to show feeding relationships?

Answer 31

Food chains and food webs.

Question 32

What word is used when scientists put organisms into groups?

Answer 32

Classification

Question 33

Where do producers get their energy from?

Answer 33

The sun

Question 34

Give an examples of a behavioural adaptation.

Answer 34

Making nests to shelter offspring. huddling(gathering) for warmth, rolling into a ball

Question 35

What is a carnivore

Answer 35

An animal that only eats other animals.

Question 36

Give and example of a detritivore.

Answer 36

Maggots, woodlice.

Question 37

What is a feeding relationship?

Answer 37

How different organisms feed on and eat each other

Question 38

What is bio-accumulation?

Answer 38

How toxic materials build up in a food chain.

Question 39

What does the fossil record show?

Answer 39

That over time species have changed physically.

Question 40

What is an organism?

Answer 40

An individual plant, animal or single cell life form.

Question 41

What is a herbivore.

Answer 41

An animal that eats only plants.

Question 42

In a food chain or web, what name is given to an organisms that eats the primary consumer?

Answer 42

The secondary consumer.

Question 43

What name is given to animals that are eaten by other organisms?

Answer 43

Preys.

Question 44

What are the four main stages in evolution by natural selection?

Answer 44

An organism is born with a mutation. The mutation helps it survive longer. It has more offspring. It passes the mutation on to its offspring.

Question 45

What is natural selection?

Answer 45

How organisms with the most useful adaptations are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Question 46

In a food chain or web, what name is given to an organisms that eats another organism?

Answer 46

A consumer

Question 47

What are the two main types of decomposers?

Answer 47

Detritivores and Microbes.

Question 48

What conditions are best for decay?

Answer 48

Lot of oxygen, warm temperature and moisture.

Question 49

What resources do organisms often compete over>

Answer 49

Food, water, space, light, mates.

Question 50

What name is given to organisms that cause decay?

Answer 50

Decomposers

Question 51

Name two types of adaptations.

Answer 51

Physical and behavioural.

Question 52

What is an omnivore?

Answer 52

An animal that eats plants and animals.

Question 53

Why is decay important?

Answer 53

It releases waste products that plants can use.