Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

Ecology

A

The study of interactions that take place among organisms and their environment.

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2
Q

Organism-

A

One individual that belongs to a certain species.

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3
Q

Population-

A

All the organisms that belong to the same species living in a community.

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4
Q

Community-

A

All the populations of different species that live in an ecosystem.

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5
Q

Ecosystem-

A

All the living organisms that live in an area and the nonliving features of their environment

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6
Q

Climax community:

A

Stable, end stage of ecological succession in which the plants and animals of a community use resources efficiently and balance is maintained by disturbances such a fire, volcano, or glacier.
A final stable community, (after either primary (no soil) or secondary succession-soil present)

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7
Q

Abiotic-

A

the non-living physical features of the environment, including air, water,sunlight, soil (rocks), temperature, and climate. The pre-fix A means not (living).

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8
Q
  1. Biotic-
A

features of the environment that are alive or were once alive. The prefix bio means life.

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9
Q

9.Succession

A

A natural, gradual change in the type of species that live in an area. Succession can be primary or secondary.

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10
Q
  1. Climate-
A

Average weather conditions of an area over time, including wind, temperature, and rainfall or other types of precipitation such as snow or sleet.

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11
Q

Temperate

A

Deciduous Forest-WE LIVE IN THIS BIOME! We usually have 4 distinct seasons with climax communities of deciduous trees (leaves fall off the branches).

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12
Q

Secondary succession-

A

A process started by an event such as a fire, glacial movement, volcano erupting, hurricane, ect, which reduces an already established ecosystem to a smaller population of species.

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13
Q

Primary Succession-

A

A process in which there is uninhabited (no one lives there) barren, no soil, habitat or that occurs where there is no habitat or vegetation.

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14
Q

Pioneer species-

A

a group of hardy organisms, such as lichens, found in the primary stage of succession and that begin an area’s soil building process.

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15
Q

Limiting

A

Factors-Anything that restricts the size of the population, including living and nonliving features of an ecosystem, such as predators or drought.

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16
Q

Predator-

A

Consumers that capture and eat other consumers.

17
Q

Prey-

A

The organism that is captured by the predator.

18
Q

Energy Pyramid-

A

A model that shows the amount of energy available at each feeding level in an ecosystem.

19
Q

Soil-

A

mixture of mineral and rock particles and also the remains of dead organisms, air, and water that forms the topmost layer of the Earth’s crust and supports plant growth.

20
Q

Soil pH-

A

The measure of the acidity or alkalinity of soil. Most plants grow between the 5.5-7 range of soil. If the soil is less than seven, then the soil is acidic. If the range is over 7-14, then the soil is base or alkaline.