Eco General Memorization

Question 1

Food Web

Answer 1

Consists of all food chains in a single ecosystem - they are interconnected and overlapping

Question 2

Biomass

Answer 2

Energy in living organisms.

Question 3

10% Rule of Energy Transfer

Answer 3

Only 10% of energy from a trophic level in an ecosystem is passed on to the next level.

Question 4

Bioaccumulation

Answer 4

Process of which chemicals are absorbed by an organism from explosion to a substance containing the chemical or eating food that contains the chemical.

Question 5

Types of Food Webs - Connectedness Webs

Answer 5

Feeding relationships among species, portrayed as links in a food web.

Question 6

Types of Food Webs - Energy Flow Webs

Answer 6

Connection quantified as energy flux.

Question 7

Functional Webs

Answer 7

Represents importance of each species in a community and reflect influence on growth rate of other species’ populations.

Question 8

Grazing Food Web

Answer 8

Based on photosynthetic plants or algae

Question 9

Detrital Food Web

Answer 9

Based on decomposers like fungi.

Question 10

Levels of a trophic pyramid in order

Answer 10

Producers, Consumers, Decomposers

Question 11

What trophic level are producers?

Answer 11

1st

Question 12

What are producers?

Answer 12

Organisms that makes own food and doesn’t depend on any other organism for nutrition.

Question 13

What are producers also called?

Answer 13

Autotrophs

Question 14

What are consumers?>

Answer 14

Animals that eat producers, and can be carnivores or omnivores.

Question 15

What are primary consumers?

Answer 15

Organisms that eat producers, also known as herbivores.

Question 16

What are secondary consumers?

Answer 16

Organisms that eat herbivores or eats meat.

Question 16

What trophic level is primary consumers?

Answer 16

2nd

Question 17

What trophic level are secondary consumers?

Answer 17

3rd

Question 18

What are tertiary consumers?

Answer 18

Organisms that eat secondary consumers or a carnivore that eat other carnivores.

Question 19

What are quaternary consumers / What’s the difference between them and tertiary consumers.

Answer 19

Tertiary consumers eat secondary consumers, while quaternary consumers eat tertiary consumers. Some food chains have these additional levels like quaternary consumers.

Question 19

What level are tertiary consumers?

Answer 19

4th

Question 20

What are top predators / apex predators?

Answer 20

Organisms that are the top of food chain beside the only enemy of a human. They have no natural enemy.

Question 21

Give a few examples of top predators / apex predators.

Answer 21

Mountain lions, great white sharks, bobcats.

Question 22

What are detritivores?

Answer 22

Organisms that eat nonliving plant and animal remains.

Question 23

What are decomposers?

Answer 23

Organisms that turn organic wastes like decaying organisms into inorganic materials, like nutrient-rich soil. They help cause a new series of food chains by allowing autographs to use the nutrients.

Question 24

Give a few examples of detritivores.

Answer 24

Scavengers like vultures eat dead animals ; dung beetles eat animal poop

Question 25

What is nutrient cycling / biogeochemical cycles?

Answer 25

The cyclic pathway by which nutrients pass through, to be recycled and reutilised.

Question 26

Give some examples of decomposers.

Answer 26

Fungi and bacteria.

Question 27

How does nutrient cycling differ from energy flow?

Answer 27

Nutrient cycling is the cycle of energy/nutrients in a cycle meaning it can be reused, while energy flow is undirectional and lost from one trophic level to the other in the form of heat.