eclampsia, DIC, HELLP

Question 1

1. What are the major complications associated with preeclampsia?

Answer 1

Cerebral hemorrhage

Question 2

How can nurses prevent eclampsia in preeclampsia patients?

Answer 2

Daily weight monitoring at the same time of the day

Question 3

What is the acronym HELLP syndrome stand for?

Answer 3

Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelets

Question 4

What are the characteristics of HELLP syndrome?

Answer 4

Rapidly deteriorating liver function and thrombocytopenia

Question 5

How is Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC) managed in pregnant patients?

Answer 5

Blood and blood product transfusion

Question 6

How does edema contribute to the diagnosis of preeclampsia?
a) It indicates the presence of hypertension
b) It suggests the onset of eclampsia
c) It is a common finding in pregnancy but may exacerbate in preeclampsia
d) It signifies normal physiological changes in pregnancy

Answer 6

c) It is a common finding in pregnancy but may exacerbate in preeclampsia

Question 7

What is the significance of monitoring capillary refill in preeclampsia patients?
a) It helps in assessing blood glucose levels
b) It indicates the onset of eclampsia
c) It provides information about tissue perfusion
d) It helps in diagnosing pulmonary edema

Answer 7

c) It provides information about tissue perfusion

Question 8

How does HELLP syndrome affect the liver?
a) It causes hepatomegaly
b) It results in decreased liver function and thrombocytopenia
c) It leads to liver cirrhosis
d) It causes elevated liver enzymes and jaundice

Answer 8

b) It results in decreased liver function and thrombocytopenia

Question 9

What is the primary presentation of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC)?
a) Hypertension and proteinuria
b) Rapidly deteriorating liver function and thrombocytopenia
c) Respiratory distress and elevated creatinine levels
d) Epigastric pain and liver capsule distention

Answer 9

b) Rapidly deteriorating liver function and thrombocytopenia

Question 10

10. What is the nursing care priority for patients with DIC?
    a) Monitoring blood pressure every 8 hours
    b) Administering prophylactic antibiotics
    c) Assessing for signs of bleeding and maintaining urinary output
    d) Encouraging ambulation to prevent blood clots

Answer 10

c) Assessing for signs of bleeding and maintaining urinary output

Question 11

11. Why is monitoring of the patient’s pulmonary status crucial in preeclampsia?
    a) To detect signs of peripheral edema
    b) To assess for the development of pulmonary embolism
    c) To evaluate the effectiveness of antihypertensive medications
    d) To monitor for signs of eclampsia

Answer 11

b) To assess for the development of pulmonary embolism

Question 12

How does capillary leakage contribute to the development of pulmonary edema in preeclampsia?
a) It causes vasoconstriction in the pulmonary vessels
b) It leads to decreased intravascular fluid volume
c) It results in the accumulation of fluid in the lungs
d) It increases the production of surfactant in the alveoli

Answer 12

c) It results in the accumulation of fluid in the lungs

Question 13

What interventions can nurses perform to prevent thromboembolic events in preeclampsia patients?
a) Encouraging bed rest and minimal movement
b) Administering anticoagulant medications
c) Applying compression stockings
d) Monitoring for signs of preterm labor

Answer 13

b) Administering anticoagulant medications

Question 14

How does the administration of oxygen therapy benefit patients with preeclampsia?
a) It decreases blood pressure
b) It reduces the risk of pulmonary edema
c) It promotes uterine contractions
d) It prevents eclamptic seizures

Answer 14

b) It reduces the risk of pulmonary edema

Question 15

What are the potential complications associated with maternal death in preeclampsia?
a) Pulmonary edema and thromboembolic events
b) Hypoxic encephalopathy and cerebral hemorrhage
c) Disseminated intravascular coagulation and aspiration pneumonia
d) HELLP syndrome and perinatal death

Answer 15

a) Pulmonary edema and thromboembolic events

Question 16

You are a nurse caring for a pregnant patient diagnosed with preeclampsia. During your assessment, you notice sudden onset epigastric pain and tenderness. What is your immediate action?
a) Administer pain medication to relieve discomfort.
b) Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
c) Reassure the patient and continue with routine care.
d) Perform a thorough assessment of vital signs.

Answer 16

b) Notify the healthcare provider immediately.

Question 17

You are caring for a pregnant patient with preeclampsia who suddenly becomes unresponsive and begins to experience tonic-clonic seizures. What is your priority action?
a) Administering magnesium sulfate as prescribed.
b) Initiating CPR and calling for emergency assistance.
c) Placing the patient in a supine position.
d) Providing oxygen therapy via nasal cannula.

Answer 17

b) Initiating CPR and calling for emergency assistance.

Question 18

You are monitoring a pregnant patient with preeclampsia who has just received a blood transfusion due to severe anemia. What assessment finding indicates a potential complication related to the transfusion?
a) Increased urine output and improved skin color.
b) Elevated blood pressure and decreased heart rate.
c) Chills, fever, and flushing of the skin.
d) Decreased respiratory rate and increased oxygen saturation.

Answer 18

c) Chills, fever, and flushing of the skin.

Question 19

During handover, you receive report on a pregnant patient with preeclampsia who has been experiencing persistent epigastric pain and has elevated liver enzymes. What complication should you anticipate in this patient?
a) Maternal death due to hemorrhage.
b) Development of HELLP syndrome.
c) Onset of eclampsia with seizures.
d) Increased risk of thromboembolic events.

Answer 19

b) Development of HELLP syndrome.

Question 20

A pregnant patient with preeclampsia complains of sudden shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. Upon assessment, you note crackles upon auscultation of the lungs. What is your immediate intervention?
a) Administering diuretics to reduce fluid overload.
b) Elevating the head of the bed to a semi-Fowler’s position.
c) Providing oxygen therapy and monitoring vital signs.
d) Initiating anticoagulant therapy to prevent pulmonary embolism.

Answer 20

c) Providing oxygen therapy and monitoring vital signs.