Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ECHO > ECHO > Flashcards

ECHO Flashcards

1
Q

MV tenting area

A

A tenting area of 6 cm2 or more usually indicates grade 3 or higher mitral regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Simplified Bernoulli equation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Assessment of RVSP

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Doppler calculation of AVA

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Doppler calculation of MVA

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MV mean gradient by Doppler

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Grading of MS

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

FLOW RATE

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

STROKE DISTANCE

A

STROKE DISTANCE (TVI) = distance in cm blood travels with each stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

STROKE VOLUME

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

calculation stroke volume

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

AVA by continuity

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

HYDRAULIC ORIFICE FORMULA

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

4 PRIMARY PARAMETERS OF

DIASTOLIC FUNCTION

A

1) E/A ratio
2) e’ velocity
3) PA systolic pressure
4) pulmonary vein velocities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

“W” in RVOT velocity

A

a sign of pulmonary hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

LV remodeling parameters

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Relative Wall Thickness

A

(2 * PWTd) / LVIDd

(2 x posterior wall thickness) / LV internal dimension

[in diastole]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

patterns of remodeling

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

M-mode in pulmonary hypertension

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

M-mode Ebstein anomaly

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

M-mode dilated cardiomyopathy

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Dimensionless index

A

<0.25 is bad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

AVP EOA calculation

A

stroke volume / TVIAVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Aortic valve PPM

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Mitral valve PPM

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

AR quantification by JET WIDTH

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

AR quantification by JET AREA

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

AR quantification by VENA CONTRACTA size

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

AR quantification by color in aorta

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

AR quantification by REGURGITANT VOLUME

A
31
Q

AR quantification by RFraction%

A
32
Q

AR quantification by ERO cm2

A
33
Q

DIASTOLOGY

MVA duration - PVa duration

A

>30 msec —-> LVEDP>15

34
Q

DIASTOLOGY

Abnormal Valsalva - mitral inflow

A
35
Q

DIASTOLOGY

Mitral annulus TDI “NORMAL”

A
36
Q

DIASTOLOGY

Mitral annulus TDI “Grade 1”

A
37
Q

DIASTOLOGY

Mitral annulus TDI “Grade 2”

A
38
Q

DIASTOLOGY

Mitral annulus TDI “Grade 3”

A
39
Q

DIASTOLOGY

Mitral inflow “Grade 3”

A
40
Q

DIASTOLOGY

Mitral inflow “Grade 2”

A
41
Q

DIASTOLOGY

Mitral inflow “Grade 1”

A
42
Q

DIASTOLOGY

Mitral inflow “NORMAL”

A
43
Q
A

mitral prolapse

44
Q
A

SAM

45
Q

MITRAL REGURGITATION

ERO CALCULATION

A
46
Q

MR calculation by PISA

A
47
Q

Normal gradient across TRICUSPID VALVE

A

<2 mm Hg

48
Q

Gradient in severe tricuspid stenosis

A

> 7 mm Hg

49
Q

TV area

A

190/PHT

50
Q

dP/dt measurement

A
51
Q

Pathognomonic M-mode sign of elevated LVEDP

A

B-bump

52
Q

VELOCITY OF SOUND THROUGH SOFT TISSUE

A

1540 m/sec

53
Q

WAVE EQUATION

A

velocity = frequency x wavelength

54
Q
A
55
Q

how long does it take for US to cover 1 cm (go-return time)?

A

13 microsec

56
Q

4 components of Wilkins-Abascal score

A

1) valve mobility
2) subvalvular thickening
3) valve thickening
4) calcification

Graded 1-4 each; has to be <8

57
Q

Depth of focus

A

(crystal diameter2) divided by wavelength multiplied by 4

58
Q

Nyquist limit

A

PRF/2

59
Q

dP/dT

A

Thus, dP/ dt is P1-P2 (32) divided by the time interval in seconds it takes for MR jet to go from 1 to 3 m/sec. A normal dP/ dt is more than 1000 mm Hg/ sec.

60
Q

PAP estimation by TR jet

A
61
Q

estimation of RAP by IVC

A

small <1.2 cm – spontaneous collapse – volume depletion

normal 1.7 cm – decrease by >50% – 0-5 mm Hg

dilated > 1.7 cm – decrease by >50% – 6-10 mm Hg

dilated > 1.7 cm – decrease by <50% – 10-15 mm Hg

dilated > 1.7 cm – no change – 15-20 mm Hg

62
Q

fractional shortening

A

100 × (LV EDD − LV ESD)/ LV EDD

63
Q

abnormal TAPSE

A

< 2 cm

64
Q

LV inflow measurements

A
65
Q

LA inflow

A
66
Q

E/E’

A

A ratio of the transmitral E velocity to the tissue Doppler E′ velocity greater than 15 predicts an LV end-diastolic pressure more than 15 mm Hg.

67
Q

IVRT

A

The IVRT (normal 50-100 ms) is prolonged with impaired relaxation but is shortened with severe diastolic dysfunction and impaired compliance.

68
Q

Diastology - normal E deceleration time

A

150 - 200 msec

69
Q

Diastology

A
70
Q

calculation of MV gradient

to calculate the velocity on the curve where the gradient is 1/2 the maximum gradient…….

A

maximum velocity is divided by 1.4

71
Q

Carpentier classification of MR

A
72
Q

PISA calculation

A

PISA surface area x Valiasing

ERO = ———————————————–

VmaxMR

73
Q

Acceleration time cutoff for PPM

A

> 100 msec

74
Q

Causes of diastolic MR

A
  • 1st degree AVB
  • diminished LV systolic function

ECHO (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions