Echo 1 Chapter 8 VHD Flashcards
MS WAVE FORM HAS
Increased E wave peak
Flattening of EF slope
Absent A wave
MS severity is determined by
Pressure half time
MV area
Mean PG
MVA is calculated by
P 1/2t method or DT method
What is pressure halftime
The time it takes for the peak gradient to reduce by half
The greater the pressure half time the greater
The more critical the degree of stenosis
The flatter the MS wave form
The more server the stenosis
MVA= what over PHT
MVA= 220/ pressure halftime
How can we acquire DT
From E wave all the way back to the baseline
Pressure Halftime Equation
pressure halftime= DT x 0.29
What is a normal pressure halftime for MS
30-60ms
What is a normal MVA
4-6cm
What is a mild MS pressure gradient
90-150 ms
What is a Mild MS MVA
> 1.5 cm
LAP =
Systolic BP- MR gradient
Lv pressure overload creates
LVH
What is the Bernoulli equation
4(v)squared
Normal LVOT diameter
1.8-2.2
TVA= what over PHT
190/P halftime
identify the doppler calculation to determine mitral stenosis
PHT
decreased EF slope =
less than 30mm/s
decreased MV excursion =
equal to or less than 15mm
normal PHT MS
30-60
Mild MS PHT
90-150
Moderate MS PHT
150-219
Severe MS PHT
220+
Normal MVA
4-6
Moderate MVA in MS
1-1.5
Mean PG moderate MS
5-10mmHg
Hepatic vein normal range
0.5- 1.1cm
MR velocity normal range
4-6 m/s
EROA =
2x3.14 x PISAr squared x Va / MR max
Mild EROA (MR)
less than 0.20
Severe MR EROA
more than 0.40
A Lvot=
.785 x Dlvot squared
simplified Continuity equation
A lvot x V lvot / V Aov
Mild AS peak velocity
