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ECG Written Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Order of conduction through a normal heart

A
  1. SA node
  2. AV node
  3. Bundle of His
  4. Bundle branches
  5. Purkinje system
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2
Q

Hyperkalemia causes..

A

Tall, peaked T wave

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3
Q

Hypokalemia causes..

A

Development of U wave

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4
Q

Procainamide causes..

A

Prolonged QT interval

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5
Q

Myocardial ischemia/injury causes..

A

ST segment depression

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6
Q

PR interval

A

0.12-0.20 seconds

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7
Q

QRS complex

A

less than 0.12 seconds

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8
Q

QT interval

A

less than 0.44 seconds

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9
Q

Which wave form is atrial depolarization?

A

P wave

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10
Q

Which wave form is ventricular repolarization?

A

T wave

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11
Q

Which wave form is ventricular depolarization?

A

QRS complex

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12
Q

How do you treat symptomatic bradycardia?

A

Atropine

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13
Q

How do you treat ventricular tachycardia?

A

Lidocaine

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14
Q

How do you treat ventricular fibrillation?

A

Defibrillation

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15
Q

How do you treat third degree AV block?

A

Pacemaker

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16
Q

How do you treat asystole?

A

CPR

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17
Q

Rate of the SA node

A

60-100 bpm

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18
Q

Rate of AV node/junction

A

40-60 bpm

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19
Q

Rate of purkinje system

A

20-40 bpm

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20
Q

Tachycardia rate

A

> 100 bpm

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21
Q

Bradycardia rate

A

less than 60 bpm

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22
Q

What is occurring during a first degree block?

A

No P waves are blocked but the AV conduction time is prolonged

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23
Q

What is occurring during a second degree, type 1 block?

A

PR interval progressively lengthens on consecutively conducted beats

24
Q

What is occurring during a second degree, type 2 block?

A

Some P waves are conducted and for those beats the PR interval in constant

25
Q

What is occurring during a third degree block?

A
  • All P waves are blocked

- There is no relationship between the P waves and the QRS complex

26
Q

T or F, diuretics frequently cause hypokalemia?

27
Q

T or F, idioventricular rhythms should be treated with Lidocaine?

28
Q

T or F, AEDs are used to pace rapid atrial tachycardias?

29
Q

T or F, a patient with a potassium of 6.6 should be monitored for the development of a U wave?

30
Q

T or F, a nurse should always assess a patient’s vital signs when there is a change in his or her ECG rhythm?

31
Q

T or F, a junctional rhythm always has a P wave in front of the QRS complex, but the PR interval is short?

32
Q

T or F, ventricular tachycardia is always symptomatic and requires immediate defibrillation?

33
Q

T or F, the AV junction can fire all by itself at a rate of 40-60 times/minute?

34
Q

T or F, idioventricular rhythm occurring at a rate of 20-40 beats/minute should be treated with lidocaine?

35
Q

T or F, ventricular fibrillation is a benign rhythm and does not usually need treatment?

36
Q

T or F, PVCs should always be treated with lidocaine?

37
Q

T or F, defibrillation is the required treatment for ventricular fibrillation or pulseless v. tach.?

38
Q

T or F, the most important determinant of patient tolerance of any arrhythmia is the ventricular rate?

39
Q

What is the treatment for sinus bradycardia?

A

If symptomatic, 0.5-1 mg of atropine

40
Q

What is the treatment for sinus tachycardia?

A
  • Determine underlying cause

- Beta blockers (Inderal)

41
Q

What is the treatment for sinus arrhythmia?

A

No treatment

42
Q

What is the treatment for premature atrial contraction?

A
  • Withdraw source

- Digoxin, quinidine, procainamide, beta blockers

43
Q

What is the treatment for atrial flutter?

A
  • Cardioversion

- Verapamil, diltiazem, digoxin, quinidien, procainamide, beta blockers

44
Q

What is the treatment for atrial fibrillation?

A
  • In emergency, cardioversion

- Digoxin, verapamil, diltiazem, quinidine, beta blockers, anticoagulants

45
Q

What is the treatment for atrial tachycardia?

A
  • Vagal stimulation
  • Adenosine to diagnosis, not treat
  • Verapamil, diltiazem, digitalis, propranolol
46
Q

What is the treatment for premature junctional contraction?

A

Procainamide, quinidine

47
Q

What is the treatment for junctional rhythm?

A
  • If symptomatic, give atropine

- Do NOT give lidocaine

48
Q

What is the treatment for accelerated junctional rhythm?

A

If caused by digoxin, hold digoxin

49
Q

What is the treatment for premature ventricular contraction?

A
  • Amiodarone
  • Lidocaine (initial bolus 0.5-1.5 mg/kg; continuous 2-4 mg/min)
  • Procainamide
50
Q

What is the treatment for ventricular tachycardia?

A

No pulse = debrillation
Pulse = amiodarone, lidocaine, pronestyl,
Mag sulfate if torsades de point

51
Q

What is the treatment for ventricular fibrillation?

A
  • Defibrillate immediately
  • CPR
  • ACLS
52
Q

What is the treatment for idioventricular rhythm?

A

Atropine, Isuprel
Pacemaker
Do NOT give lidocaine

53
Q

What is the treatment for asystole?

A

CPR
Early intubation
IV epinephrine and atropine

54
Q

What is the treatment for first degree heart block?

A

No treatment

55
Q

What is the treatment for second degree, type 1 block?

A

If symptomatic, atropine or pacemaker

56
Q

What is the treatment for second degree, type 2 block?

A

Atropine, epinephrine, dopamine

Pacemaker

57
Q

What is the treatment for third degree block?

A

Pacemaker

Atropine, epinephrine, dopamine

ECG (1 decks)

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