ECG Test #1 Flashcards
How do you determine ECG rate using the rapid method?
Count 300, 150, 100, 75, 65, 50
What is normal rate?
60-100
What is Tachycardia?
> 100bpm
What is Bradycardia?
<60bpm
What is normal PR Interval duration?
0.12-.20 (multiply the number of squares by 0.04 sec
What is normal QRS duration?
0.06-0.10
What is normal QT interval duration?
0.36-0.44 (count boxes from start of QRS to end of T wave)
Sinus arrhythmia
- Normal in adults, athletes, children
- Irregular atrial and ventricular rhythm that corresponds with RESPIRATORY CYCLE
Sinus Arrest
-Lack of stimulation from SA node
Sinus Arrest = 3 or more beats missing from EKG strip
-rhythm is out of wack; rhythm does not fall back in to place
Sinus Pause
1 or 2 beats missing from EKG strip
Subcategory of sinus arrest
Premature atrial contraction
PAC
- originates outside of SA node
- if PAC is NOT conducted through AV node the QRS complex is absent = “non conducted PAC”
Atrial Tachycardia
- Atrial Rate 140-250
- Ventricle rate usually equal to atrial rate
- P wave often buried in previous T wave
Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia
- brief periods of tachy that alternate with normal sinus
- starts/stops suddenly
- you will often see a T-P wave
- P wave is pointed
- PAC triggers PAT
- atrial/ventricular rate 140-250
Atrial Flutter
- Sawtooth
- SVT with atrial rate of 140-250
- Ventricular rate is 1/2 to 1/4 that of atrial rate
- No T waves
Atrial Fibrillation
- SVT with atrial rate of 400-600
- Signal coming from several ectopic sites in atria
- Fine, fibrillatory waves
Premature Junction Contraction
- Ectopic beat from AV node
- Absent P wave; or may be inverted before/after/hidden in QRS complex
Junctional Rhythm (aka Junctional escape rhythm)
- string of beats occurring after a delay in atrial conduction
- P waves inverted before or after or hidden in QRS complex
- often do not see P wave
Junctional Tachycardia
- 3 or more PJCs in a row
- P waves inverted
- Rate 100-200 bpm
Premature Ventricular Tachycardia
PVC
- ectopic beat from ventricular focus
- occurring every-other-beat = bigeminal
- occurring every 3rd beat = trigeminy
- QRS WIDE and BIZARRE
- T wave is opposite from QRS
Ventricular Tachycardia
- 3 or more PVCs in a row
- unstable rhythm
- Rate: 100-250 bpm
Ventricular Fibrillation
- chaotic rhythm
- undetermined rate
- no P waves
1st Degree AV Block
- atrial impulses are CONSISTENTLY delayed through AV node
- PR interval is CONSISTENTLY delayed (>.20 sec)
2nd Degree AV Block, Type I (Mobitz I or Wenckebach)
-PR interval gradually gets longer until QRS complex is DROPPED
2nd Degree AV Block, Type II (Mobitz II)
- Occasional SA node impulses failure to conduct to the ventricles
- Occasional dropped QRS
- atrial rate > ventricular rate
3rd Degree AV Block
- Atria completely blocked at AV node
- Atria and ventricles maintain regular rates INDEPENDENT of each other
- QRS may be wide or normal
- P waves often not linked to QRS
