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Year 3 - Cardiology > ECG's > Flashcards

ECG's Flashcards

1
Q

What changes would you expect to see on an ECG of a patient suffering with an MI within hours of onset?

A

Peaked T wave

ST segment may begin to rise

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2
Q

What changes would you expect to see on an ECG of a patient suffering with 24 hours of onset?

A

Inverted T wave

ST segment rarely remains elevated

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3
Q

What changes would you expect to see on an ECG of a patient suffering with an MI within a few days of onset?

A

Pathological Q waves

These Q waves may resolve in 10% of patients

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4
Q

What changes would you expect to see on an ECG of a patient suffering with a pulmonary embolism?

A

Sinus tachycardia

Right bundle branch block

Rare: S1Q3T3 pattern

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5
Q

What effect can Digoxin have on the ECG?

A

Down sloping ST depression and inverted T wave in V5-V6

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6
Q

What ECG changes could you see in a patient with hyperkalaemia?

A

Tall tented T wave

Widened QRS complex

Absent P wave

Sine wave appearance

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7
Q

What ECG changes could you see in a patient with hypokalaemia?

A

Small T waves

Prominent U waves

Peaked P waves

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8
Q

What ECG changes could you see in a patient with hypercalcaemia?

A

A short QT interval

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9
Q

What ECG changes could you expect to see in a patient with hypocalcaemia?

A

Long QT interval

Small T waves

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10
Q

Where should you place the chest leads for a 12 lead ECG?

A

V1: Right sternal edge - 4th intercostal space

V2: Left sternal edge - 4th intercostal space

V3: Half-way between V2 and V4

V4: 5th intercostal space mid clavicular line

V5: 5th intercostal space anterior axillary line

V6: 5th intercostal space mid-axillary line

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11
Q

What is the ECG diagnostic criteria for a patient with LBBB?

A

QRS duration >120ms

Dominant S wave in V1 - W shaped

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12
Q

Name a few causes of LBBB?

A

Aortic stenosis

Ischaemic heart disease

Hypertension

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Hyperkalaemia

Digoxin toxicity

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13
Q

What is the ECG diagnostic criteria for a patient with RBBB?

A

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Pulmonary embolism

Ischaemic heart disease

Rheumatic heart disease

Myocarditis

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14
Q

When there is NO AXIS DEVIATION - What would you look for on an ECG?

A

A positive deflection in lead 1 and aVF

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15
Q

When there is LEFT AXIS DEVIATION - What would you look for on an ECG?

A

A positive lead 1 and negative aVF

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16
Q

When there is RIGHT AXIS DEVIATION - What would you look for on an ECG?

A

A negative lead 1 and positive aVF.

17
Q

What is extreme axis deviation?

A

When both lead 1 and aVF have negative deflections

18
Q

What is the difference between atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter on an ECG?

A

Atrial fibrillation: wavy baseline with varied QRS heights

Atrial flutter: wavy baseline with consistent QRS heights

Year 3 - Cardiology (6 decks)

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