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AFN Principles II Coop > ECG Basics > Flashcards

ECG Basics Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Resting EKG is normal in ___-___% of patients who have CAD who have not had a prior MI

A

25-50%

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2
Q

(t/f) Precordial leads do not need augmentation

A

True

*they are close to the heart

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3
Q

In what 4 leads are all waveforms expected to have postitive deflections?

A

I,II,III,aVF

*just think about the location of these leads and the conduction pathway of the heart

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4
Q

aVR- all waveforms are __________

A

negative

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5
Q

aVL, P and T are ________, but QRS is _________

A

negative

biphasic

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6
Q

Precordial leads-

P and T are ________

QRS starts ________ & ends ________

A

positive

negative

positive

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7
Q

V2 goes at ___ IC space left sternal border

A

4th

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8
Q

V4 goes at ________ at the 5th IC space

A

midclav

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9
Q

V6 horizontal to V5 at ________ _____

A

midax line

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10
Q

What 2 leads best for overall monitoring

A

II, V5

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11
Q

Consider using ___ and II for detecting supply ischemia/transmural injury

A

V3

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12
Q

Lead __ for rhythm assessment (p-wave analysis)

A

II

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13
Q

Lead ___ if anticipated change is depression (subendo injury/ischemia)

A

V5

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14
Q

Lead ____ for RV ischemia

A

V4

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15
Q

V4 + V5 = ___% sensitivity for detecting ischemia

A

90%

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16
Q

In diagnostic mode w/ ECG the frequency filter range is set to __-__hz

A

0.05-100hz

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17
Q

In monitor mode w/ ECG the frequency filter range is set to __-__hz

A

0.5-40hz

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18
Q

How many seconds (miliseconds) is one tiny box on EKG strip

A

0.04sec (40ms)

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19
Q

One small box on EKG strip is ___mV

A

0.1mV

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20
Q

Normal QRS duration

A

0.08-0.12sec

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21
Q

Normal PRI

A

0.05-0.12sec (mund)

Real = 0.12-0.2

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22
Q

QTc >____sec = Increased susceptibility to life-threatening dysrhythmias

A

0.44sec (440ms)

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23
Q

Absolute refractory period is where on the ECG?

A

Beginning of QRS to first 1/2 of T-wave

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24
Q

Relative refractory period is where on the ECG?

A

2nd 1/2 of T-wave

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25
Negative ___ wave may sig LAD occlusion, ischemia , AR/MR, increased afterload
U wave
26
_________ waves are positive deflections at the J-point usually d/t severe hypothermia (looks similar to infarction elevations but more isolated at the j-point)
Osborne waves
27
“_______ rhythm and greater than ___ PVCs on resting EKG were independent predictors of increased perioperative risk after noncardiac surgery”
nonsinus rhythm 5
28
Mobitz 1 (Wenckebach) is due to pathology at the level of the ______ _______
AV node
29
(t/f) Mobitz I (Wenckebach) has a high chance of progressing to CHB
False
30
What MI location could cause mobitz I
Inferior MI
31
Mobitz II pathology is located ________ in the _____ _______ system
infranodal His-Purkinje
32
(t/f) Mobitz II has a high chance of progressing to CHB
True
33
Mobitz II is ALWAYS associated with significant ______
CAD
34
What MI could cause Mobitz II
Anteroseptal MI
35
(t/f) W/ CHB you should cancel case if able
True
36
In RBBB you see an RSR’ configuration in leads ___ and ___
V1 and V2
37
In LBBB you see an RSR’ configuration in leads ___ and ___
V5 and V6
38
Preexisting _____ can mask ischemia, impending infarction, & Left ventricular hypertrophy
LBBB
39
LBBB under anesthesia : ominous sign of _______________
ischemia/infarction
40
Bifascicular block is a __BBB in combination with a block of one of the __ branches
RBBB w/ 1 Left branch
41
Trifascicular block is a __________ block and a prolonged _____
Bifascicular PRI
42
Which one progresses to CHB, bifascicular or trifascicular block
Trifascicular
43
______ is an independent predictor of perioperative risk after noncardiac surgery
LVH
44
W/ LVH what will you see on EKG
Strain pattern
45
Hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia cause _________ QTc
shortened QTc
46
Hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia __________ QTc
Prolonged QTc
47
What pathology? Low voltage, r-axis deviation, poor R-wave progression in the precordial leads Due to lung hyperinflation and RV enlargement
COPD
48
What pathology? RBBB, RV strain, ST and/or AF NOT very specific or sensitive
Pulm embolism
49
Criteria for ischemia on EKG: >__mm horizontal ST depression >__mm upsloping or downsloping depression measured ____ ms from J-point >__mm ST elevation
All are >1mm 1.5ms from J-point
50
Combination of ST ________ and T wave ________ = high incidence of LM dz and death
ST depression T-wave inversion
51
ST depression + T-wave inversion = ____ disease
Left main (LM/LCA)
52
______sloping ST depression is associated with an increased number of diseased coronary arteries and an increased mortality
Downsloping ST Depression
53
______sloping more often benign especially if less than 2 mm
Upsloping
54
ST ________ may represent acute myocardial ischemia (preinfarction), coronary vasospasm, epicardial ischemia
elevation
55
Which lead will t-waves be normally inverted?
aVR
56
Inverted t-waves in the inferior (II, III, aVF) or anterolateral (I, aVL, V3-6) leads may be seen in ________
MVP (papillary muscle ischemia)
57
What leads & vessels effected for inferior MI?
II,III,aVF RCA/PDA
58
What leads & vessels effected for lateral MI?
I,aVL,V5,V6 LCx
59
What leads & vessels effected for septal MI?
V1,V2 LAD (some LCx)
60
What leads & vessels effected for anterior MI?
V3,V4 LAD/Diagonals
61
What leads & vessels effected for posterior MI?
Reciprocal V1,V2 PDA (80%RCA, 20%LAD)
62
A significant Q wave in leads I & AVL is called an “______ ______ ______ _____”,
old high lateral MI
63
Inferior MI can cause _______ complex dysrhythmias
Narrow
64
Anterior MI can cause _______ complex dysrhythmias
wide
65
What MI can cause these: -Profound sinus bradycardia -Junctional -3rd degree with junctional escape rhythm
Inferior MI
66
What MI can cause these: -Mobitz II -3rd degree with ventricular escape rhythm
Anterior MI

AFN Principles II Coop (1 decks)

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