ECG approach

Question 1

what is approach to ECG

Answer 1

RRATS its the QT
Rate
Rythm and PR interval
Axis
The QRS
ST segement
QT interval
T wave abnormalities

Question 2

how to count rate

Answer 2

300/number of squares

Question 3

4 questions to ask about A and V activation for Rhytm

Answer 3

1. are they connected
2. regular or irregular
3. P before each QRS
4. if not, is there a pattern?

Question 4

what is the PR interval

Answer 4

from beginning of P to beg. of Q

Question 5

how to check axis

Answer 5

look at leads 1 and 2 - if both + then normal

Question 6

what is normal QRS duration

Answer 6

120ms

Question 7

what does narrow or wide QRS mean

Answer 7

narrow - normal

wide - part of purkijne not conducting - block

Question 8

what does QRS voltage mean

Answer 8

too tall - hypertrophy

too small - too far from chest wall - eg effuson

Question 9

3 indicators of R vent hypertrophy

Answer 9

1. R wave in V1 >7mm
2. R axis deviation > 110
3. R > S in v5,V6

Question 10

2 indicators of L vent hyperthorphy in limb leads

Answer 10

1. R wave aVL > 11mm

2. R wave lead 1 and S wave lead 3 > 25 mm

Question 11

3 indicators of L vent hyper in recordial leads

Answer 11

1. R wave > 26mm in V5 or V6
2. R wave V5 or V6 + s wave V1 > 35mm
3. largest R wave + largest S wave > 45mm

Question 12

what is ST segment

Answer 12

completion of vest. depolarization

Question 13

2 possible problems with ST segment

Answer 13

elevation - BAD

depression

Question 14

what is the QT interval

Answer 14

from start of QRS to end of T

- vent. depol and repol.

Question 15

what are 2 times of QT interval

Answer 15

1. normal - 400ms

2. too long - 560ms

Question 16

what is the T wave

Answer 16

normal is 1/3 to 2/3 of corresponing R wave

Question 17

what is a U wave

Answer 17

second bump after the T

Question 18

3 possible t wave issues

Answer 18

1. too tall
2. too short
3. inverted