ECG abnormalities Flashcards
which ECG leads look at which aspect of the heart?
1. inferior
2. lateral
3. anterior
4. septal
- II, III, AVF
- I, AVL, V5, V6
- V3, V4
- V1, V2
how to identify a sinus rhythm?
p waves present followed by normal QRS
HR < 100
how to identify a STEMI?
ST segment elevation (which leads its in determines where the STEMI is)
how to identify an NSTEMI?
ST segment depression or T wave inversion
how to identify wolf-parkinson-white syndrome?
delta waves (little angle at beginning of RS)
How to identify atrial fibrillation?
No p waves
Irregularly irregular distance between QRS complex
How to identify atrial flutter?
No p waves
Sawtooth pattern
What are the different AV node blocks?
Type 1
Type 2: morbitz 1 or morbitz 2
Type 3
How to identify type 1 AV block?
PR interval > 200ms (5 small boxes)
How to identify a morbitz 1 AV block?
PR interval > 200ms
PR interval gets longer, longer, longer then drops a QRS
How to identify a morbitz 2 AV block?
PR interval > 200ms
Constant PR interval then QRS complex dropped
How to identify Type 3 AV block?
Constant P-P interval
Constant Q-Q interval
No association between P + Q
How to identify pericarditis?
Saddle shaped ST elevation
How to identify hypokalaemia?
Low T waves then high U wave then low ST segment
How to identify hyperkalaemia?
Peaked T waves
P wave flattening
PR prolongation
Wide QRS complex
