ECG

Question 1

What is the rhythm of the heart set by?

Answer 1

A small region of cardiac muscle cells in the right atrium called the SA node

Question 2

How many squares on an ECG is 1 minutes (60 secs)?

Answer 2

1500 squares

Question 3

What is 1 small square equal to?

Answer 3

0.04 seconds

Question 4

What is 1 large square equal to?

Answer 4

0.20 seconds

Question 5

What is a normal heart rate?

Answer 5

60-100 bpm

Question 6

What would a P wave always precede?

Answer 6

The QRS complex in a 1:1 ratio

Question 7

How long should the PR interval be?

Answer 7

0.12 - 0.20 seconds

Question 8

How long should the QRS complex be?

Answer 8

Less than 0.12 seconds

Question 9

In sinus arrhythmia, what indicates an irregular heart beat?

Answer 9

The longest R-R interval should differ from the shortest by at least 0.16 seconds

Question 10

How do you calculate RR interval on an ECG strip?

Answer 10

1500 / number of small squares

1500/100 = 100bpm

Question 11

Signs and symptoms of sinus arrhythmia?

Answer 11

Palpitations

Higher risk of blood clotting

Question 12

Causes of arrhythmias?

Answer 12

Coronary artery disease
Electrolyte imbalances
Changes in heart muscle
Injury fro heart attack

Question 13

What is sinus tachycardia?

Answer 13

Heart rhythm with elevated rate of impulses defined as a rate greater than 100bpm

Question 14

What is interesting about infants heart rate?

Answer 14

They are naturally tachycardic, (110-150 bpm)

Question 15

Signs and symptoms of sinus tachycardia?

Answer 15

Often asymptotic

Increased heart rate

Question 16

Causes of sinus tachycardia

Answer 16

Exercise, anxiety, stress, anger, pain, fever, anaemia, hypovolaemia, hypoxia,
Thyrotoxicosis, adrenaline

Question 17

In sinus tachycardia, what interval shortens with increasing heart rate?

Answer 17

PR interval

Question 18

What is sinus bradycardia?

Answer 18

Rate of less than 60 bpm

Question 19

Signs and symptoms of sinus bradycardia?

Answer 19

Decreased heart rate can cause a decreased CO, resulting in symptoms such as:
Lightheaded ness
Dizziness
Hypotension
Vertigo
syncope

Question 20

Why do individuals that practice exercise often present with sinus bradycardia?

Answer 20

Their trained hearts can pump enough blood in each contraction to allow a low resting heart rate

Question 21

Causes of sinus bradycardia?

Answer 21

Sleep
Hypothermia
Hypothyroidism
Drugs

Question 22

What drugs can cause bradycardia?

Answer 22

Beta blockers, digitalis, quinidine, adenosine, calcium channel blockers