ECE Flashcards
Tactical and Safety Considerations
Due to limited access to entrance, lobbies, and courtyards, the engine may need to park _______
_______________ from the location.
well removed.
pg. 11
In tight complexes it may be necassry to park outside, leaving the closest acces for the ___________ ____________.
rescue unit
pg. 11
Multi-story Structure
Engine placement is the same as single-story structures, but the engine should be placed to leave the building _____________ __________.
corners open
pg. 13
Leaving the building corners open permits the ladder company to place the turntable in a position to reach ________ ________ of the structure
two sides
pg. 13
Tactical and Safety Considerations
Do not park under power lines.
true or false?
True.
pg. 13
Tactical and Safety Considerations
Do not park too close to involved structures.
true or false?
true
pg. 13
Leave the rear of ____ ________________ unobstructed to facilitate ground ladder and tool access.
all apparatus
pg. 13
Tactical and Safety Considerations
Newer engines need ___________ of space on the officer’s side to lower the ladder rack
5 feet
pg. 13
Tactical and Safety Considerations
contact ________ prior to attempting removal of any engine that has become stuck.
TSF
pg. 13
Tactical and Safety Considerations
Do not drive on private driveways or on private bridges except during emergency response.
true or false?
true
pg. 13
When backing, use a spotter on the engineer’s side, _________ feet from the tailboard.
5-10
pg. 14
The engineer and the spotter must maintain
_______ ______________ and the apparatus stopped when the spotter is no longer in view.
eye contact
pg. 14
The main sizes range from _____ to ______ in diameter and average _________ static pressure.
6” to 36”, 70 PSI
pg. 15
The communities _____________, ______________, and _____________ operate their own water utilities in the system parameters may differ somewhat from the majority of Jacksonville served by JEA
Atlantic Beach, Neptune Beach, Baldwin
pg. 15
Static sources include:
lakes, rivers, swimming pools, storage tanks, and retention ponds.
pg. 15
Portable tanker basins are also static sources.
true or false?
true
pg. 15
All City hydrants are equipped with a ____ inlet and are supplied by the water main system
6”
pg. 15
Dead end mains or loops, partially closed street valves, sediment build-up, and damaged mains can interfere with hydrant flow.
true or false?
true
pg. 15
City fire hydrants
Color ___________, Steamer ________,
Side outlets _______, Static Pressure _______,
Residential ___________, Commercial _________
Yellow 4 1/2 2 1/2 70 PSI 6" to 10" 8" to 36"
pg. 16
There are some older hydrants that do not have steamers connections. This may appear to be a handicap in terms of flow but a 2 1/2” discharge into 5” hose can still flow a ________ ________.
significant volume
pg. 16
If the steamer connection is damaged or not accessible one 2 1/2” connection can be utilized, or to maximize flow use ______ 2 1/2”discharge connections
both
pg. 16
Roadway Incidents
What is the primary consideration for engine placement.
Safety of the patient and responders
pg. 12
Roadway Incidents
Spills and leaks may require spotting __________ and ______________.
uphill, upwind
pg. 12
Roadway Incidents
If extrication is required, consider placement needs of the _________________ or ______________.
ladder truck, extrication engine
pg. 12
Single Story Structure
The first arriving engine ladder company should be spotted in front of the structure in __________
_____________.
most cases
pg. 12
Single Story Structure
Position the engine for placement of __________
___________ while leaving room in front of the structure for the ladder company.
attack lines
pg. 12.
Private Systems
The diameter of the backflow preventer is the same as the water main.
true or false?
true
pg. 16
Private Systems
High pressure systems may be located at high risk facilities (__________) that require immediate firefighting pressure but don’t have fire engines on site to boost pressure.
chemical or petroleum
pg. 16
Private Systems
At high risk facilities all pressure for firefighting is supplied within the private pump and main system.
true or false?
true
pg. 16
Private Systems
Commercial plants, schools, shopping centers, aircraft hangars, and apartment complexes may utilize a private water supply.
true or false?
true
pg. 16
Private Fire Hydrants (Industrial Facilities)
What is the color, thread sizes, and static pressure?
Red, steamer - 4 1/2”, side outlets - 2 1/2”, up to 180 PSI.
Private Fire Hydrants (Apartments and Business Complexes)
What is the color, thread sizes, static pressure, and supply mains?
Red, steamer - 4 1/2”, side outlets - 2 1/2”, 70 PSI, and 6” to 10”
pg.17
Private Hydrants
Private hydrants are typically red but may be yellow or another color.
true or false?
true
pg. 17
Private Hydrants
Some may utilize NFPA color codes which indicate the GPM flow. What color indicates a flow of less than 500 GPM.
Red
pg. 17
Private Hydrants
Some may utilize NFPA color codes which indicate the GPM flow. What color indicates a flow of 500 to 1000 GPM.
Orange
pg. 17
Private Hydrants
Some may utilize NFPA color codes which indicate the GPM flow. What color indicates a flow of 1000 to 1500 GPM.
Green
pg. 17
Private Hydrants
Some may utilize NFPA color codes which indicate the GPM flow. What color indicates a flow of greater than 1500 GPM.
Blue
pg. 17
Private Hydrants
Purple hydrants may be found on ______________ water mains.
reclaimed
pg. 18
Private Hydrants
Purple hydrants are for irrigation but may be used for firefighting in emergencies.
true or false?
false (not intended for firefighting use)
pg. 18
Sound barrier walls long limited access highways may incorporate access holes. (__________) to reach hydrants on nearby streets.
about 12”
pg. 18
Regardless of the number of hydrants on a private system the flow may not be _______________.
sufficient
pg. 18
The presence of dead end mains or dead end loops within the complex may require secondary methods to supply large volumes to water.
true or false?
true
pg. 18
Static Water Supply
If water from a __________ static source enters the booster tank and pump, both must be thoroughly flushed after use.
natural
pg. 18
Static Water Supply
Fire department pumps are equipped with a primer to reduce pressure inside the pump below _________________ pressure.
atmospheric
pg. 18
Booster Tank
The booster tank is also static supply and is located higher than the pump intake manifold to take advantage of ______________________.
head pressure
pg. 19
Booster Tank
Each JFRD engine has a __________ TANK-TO-PUMP valve.
3”
pg. 19
Booster Tank
Flow from the booster tank is limited to ________________ GPM on all JFRD engines.
700-800
pg. 19
Booster Tank
The size of the TANK-TO-PUMP valve and __________________ determines the flow from the booster tank.
head pressure
pg. 19
Booster Tank
Booster tanks shall be refilled from city hydrants and always from the nearest supply point.
true or false?
true
pg. 19
Booster Tank
Only refill booster tanks from private hydrants in emergencies.
true or false?
false (Do not refill from private hydrants)
pg. 19
Dry Hydrants
A dry hydrant consists of a pipe with threaded 4 1/2” steamer connection attached to a _____________________ supply.
static water
pg. 19
Dry Hydrants
The pipe is commonly PVC but could be _________________ or __________________.
cast iron, stainless steel
pg. 19
Dry Hydrants
These will be found near commercial structures
(__________________________) were city hydrants are not within reach.
usually at retention ponds
pg. 19
Dry Hydrant
Considerations before using a dry hydrant:
• Is the hydrant maintained by the property owner
▪ the strainer could be obstructed with sediment or vegetation
▪ PVC pipes are easily damaged by vehicles vandalism and prolong UV exposure
▪ if the cap is missing the pipe could contain trash
pg. 19
Dry Hydrant - considerations
The engineer should ensure the engine gain access to the hydrant often they are placed some distance from the road or parking lot.
true or false?
true
pg. 19
Dry Hydrant - considerations
The engineer should ensure there is sufficient water available. The water level in a retention pond fluctuates with rainfall.
true or false?
true
pg. 19
Hydrant and Main Locations
Hydrant inspections are recorded using the Safety File Maintenance database within __________, which list the hydrant location in inspection.
Fireweb
pg. 20
Hydrant and Main Locations
Hydrants are plotted on mapping software managed by __________, which displays hydrant and fire station locations
JEA
(https://maps.coj.net/hydrantproximity)
pg. 20
Hydrant and Main Locations
Water main locations and size along with associated infrastructure can be viewed at:
https://jaxgis.coj.net
(then select “Duval Maps”)
pg. 20
In simplest terms the modern fire pump has three primary sections:
- Intake manifold (lower half of pump body)
- Discharge manifold (upper half of pump body)
- Centrifugal pump assembly (including impeller(s))
pg. 21
JFRD engines are built by Pierce and are fitted with midship mounted __________________ centrifugal pumps.
Waterous
pg. 21
JFRD engines are either single-stage or two- stage and rated at ________, ___________, or ___________ GPM capacity.
1500, 1750, 2000
pg. 21
JFRD engines are powered by six-cylinder turbo- charged diesel motors manufactured by Caterpillar (C12 or c-13) or Cummings (ISL series).
true or false?
true
pg. 21
_________ can cause loss of prime and inhibit the ability of the pump the build pressure.
Air
pg. 22
A pressurized water supply to the pump can be distributed to the various discharges even with the pump disengaged.
true or false?
true
pg. 22
The Impeller has a ____________________design allowing water under pressure to pass through the impeller when the pump is not engaged in the impeller is stationary.
“flow-through”
pg. 22
Centrifugal pumps cannot pump air due to their __________ design
open
pg. 22
The impeller(s) will rotate continuously when the pump is engaged, even when hoselines are shut down.
true or false?
true
pg. 22
If equipped with two impellers (two-stage), they are mounted on separate shafts and rotate at the same speed (RPM).
true or false?
false. (they are mounted on a common shaft)
pg. 22
This _________________ prevents a continuous rise and discharge pressure but can create excessive heat within the pump.
“slippage”
pg. 22
The engineer must begin circulating water immediately after engaging the pump. Running the pump dry for more than a few minutes may cause excessive heat and pump damage.
true or false?
true
pg. 22
The pump shift control is a ____________ switch located in the cab at the engineer position
pneumatic
pg. 23
Pump Shift
There are 3 positions - _________, ____________
and ___________.
ROAD, NEUTRAL, PUMP
pg. 23
The pump shift controls a _________________ within the transfer case.
ring gear
pg. 23
The transfer case cannot engage both PUMP and ROAD simultaneously.
true or false?
true
pg. 23
Pump Shift
The ______________ position is used only in the event of a failure with the pump shift requiring the use of the manual shift control.
neutral
pg. 23
When shifting between ROAD and PUMP stop in the NEUTRAL position then to PUMP.
true or false?
false. (do not stop)
pg. 23
The impeller discharges water into the _______________, the chamber which directs the pressurized water into the discharge manifold.
volute
pg. 23
As motor speed (RPM) increases, the ______________ of the impeller(s) increases.
velocity
pg. 23
Pump Testing
Centrifugal pumps are tested by_________________ in accordance with ______________.
Underwriters Laboratories (UL), NFPA 1911
pg. 24
Pump Testing
The volume at 150 PSI is called the ____________
____________.
rated capacity
pg. 24
Pump Testing
The pump measures ____________ at three pressures while drafting.
volume
pg. 24
Pump Testing
A data plate is affixed to the pump panel with the results of the initial pump test.
true or false
true
pg. 24
Pump Testing
The data plate may also indicate the test _______ and __________________.
RPM, governed speed
pg. 24
Pump Testing
It is more important understand that centrifugal pumps have the ability to pump _______ than their rated capacity is supplied from a pressurized source.
more
pg. 24
Pump Stages
Centrifugal pumps can be single stage or two stage design.
true or false?
true
pg. 24
Pump Stages
A single stage has a single impeller, and is the ________________to build and operate.
simplest
pg. 24
Pump Stages
The two-stage pump has two impellers mounted on a common shaft.
true or false?
true
pg. 24
Two-Stage Pumps
A two-stage pump can operate in one of two settings -
pressure or volume
pg. 24
Two-Stage Pumps
In PRESSURE each impeller provides pressure in_____________.
series
pg. 24
Two-Stage Pumps,
In simplest terms where a single impeller can produce 60 PSI, two impellers operating in series can produce ____________ at the same RPM.
120 PSI
pg. 24
Two-Stage Pumps
Roughly 50% of the pressure is produced by each impeller.
true or false?
true
pg. 24
Two-Stage Pumps
In __________________, the supply is divided and water is routed to both impellers at the same time.
VOLUME
pg. 25
Two-Stage Pumps
The VOLUME position is also called ____________ and ____________.
parallel, capacity
pg. 25
The advantage of a two-stage design is the ability to operate in either setting - PRESSURE (series) for maximum pressure or VOLUME (parallel) for maximum volume.
true or false?
true
pg. 25
Two-Stage Pumps
Attempting to pump high volume in PRESSURE will not be successful.
true false?
true
pg. 25
Two-Stage Pumps
Attempting to pump high pressure and VOLUME will require excessive RPM.
true false?
true
pg. 25
Changing between the two settings is accomplished by the ________________ which must be fully engaged in either PRESSURE or VOLUME (there is no intermediate position).
transfer valve
pg. 25
Transfer Valve
Utilize a ______ socket and socket wrench
to change settings if the electronic valve fails.
3/4”
pg. 25
The transfer valve is ______________ driven but also has a manual override in case of electric switch failure.
electrically
pg. 25
The normal position of the transfer valve is ______________ which will produce maximum pump performance for the majority of pumping scenarios.
VOLUME
pg. 25
High pressure needs such as a high-rise fire would require changing to the ________________ setting.
PRESSURE
pg. 25
Transfer Valve CAUTION:
To minimize water hammer temporarily reduce RPMs to idle before operating the transfer valve.
true false?
true
pg. 25
If unable to lower pressure to idle, reduce ______________ pressure a safe amount and operate transfer valve slowly, allowing time for the governor to adjust.
discharge
pg. 25
When operating the transfer valve, do not sacrifice handlines already in use.
true or false?
true
pg. 25
Single-Stage Pumps
The main difference in operation from a two-stage pump is ___________ _____________.
motor speed
pg. 25
In most pumping situations there will be minimal difference in pump performance between a single-stage and two-stage pump.
true or false
true
pg. 25
To pump high pressures the single-stage pump requires higher ________.
RPM
pg. 25
A single-stage pump will operate much like a two-stage pump in VOLUME.
true or false?
true
pg. 25
The Engineer should anticipate the requirements of the fire operation and properly set the _________ ____________ as early as possible.
transfer valve
pg. 25
The intake side of a centrifugal pump is an open manifold directing water to the impeller(s).
True or false?
true
pg. 26
All intake connections share this common manifold. Due to this design there is only one ______________ _____________.
intake gauge
pg. 26
If the pump is being supplied by a hydrant at 70 PSI, the entire intake manifold is pressurized to ____________.
70 PSI
pg. 26
JFRD engines have _________ or ___________ intakes.
four, five
pg. 26
There are two ______ steamer intakes and two ______ auxillary intakes (often called “pony” intakes) on each engine.
6”, 2 1/2”
pg. 26
Some engines have an additional ______ intake on the front or rear with an electrically controlled valve.
5”
pg. 26
Each steamer intake has installed a piston intake valve (PIV) or ball intake valve (BIV).
True or false
true
pg. 26
Both types of intake valves incorporate a water control valve, a spring operated _____________
___________ ___________, a bleeder valve to bleed air from supply hose, and a 5” stortz adapter.
pressure relief valve
pg. 26
The newer BIV is less restrictive (allowing higher GPM) and is rated for drafting.
true or false?
true
pg. 26
The pump is protected by an intake pressure relief valve built into the pump, protecting the pump from ____________ __________ ___________.
excess intake pressure
pg. 26
The PIV/BIV also includes a pressure relief valve that can provide redundant pump protection but can also protect ___________ __________ from excess pressure when the intake valve is closed.
supply hose
pg. 26
Both the internal pressure relief valve and PIV/BIV are preset to _____________.
150 PSI
pg. 26
The diameter of the intake pipe is determined by the __________ ______________ of the pump.
rated capacity
pg. 27
All JFRD engines have ______ steamer intakes which allow the pump the draw the rated capacity at draft through one steamer intake (1500 GPM) or both steamer intakes (1750 and 2000 GPM).
6”
pg. 27
The front and rear intake pipes are 5” in diameter and because of the reduced diameter will flow less than the steamers (_________ GPM at draft, _________ GPM from a hydrant).
1000, 1500
pg. 27
The rear intake is not properly equipped for drafting but can be used to connect 5” hose where on-scene access precludes use of the steamer connections.
true or false?
true
pg. 27
Front intakes are capable of drafting and in some situations will be the _______________
intake for drafting.
preferred
pg. 27
E-7 and E-21 have one additional intake inside the tailboard compartment.
true or false?
true
pg. 27
E-7 and E-21’s additional intake is a DIRECT TANK FILL and is painted _________ to distinguish it from other connections.
red
pg. 27
E-7 and E-21 are equipped with foam proportioners, where the water from the foam solution is metered through the _______ _________
into the booster tank for more accurate finished foam.
red intake
pg. 27
On hazmat incidents the red intake may be the preferred connection for the hydrant or tanker supply line.
true or false?
true
pg. 27
Most intake and discharge valves are quarter-turn ball valves which can be operated directly or by remote control handle at the pump panel (commonly called “______ ____________”).
pull handles
pg. 27
These valves, when opened, can be turned _______________ to “lock” in position.
45 degrees
pg. 27
The valves should NOT be placed 45 dgrees in the “locked” position closed.
true or false?
true
pg. 27
Large diameter intakes and discharge use
____________________ valves controlled by a hand wheel or electronic control.
quarter-turn
pg. 27
Large diameter intakes and discharges valves, due to the large volumes they must be of the “_________________________” type to prevent water hammer.
slow-operating
pg. 27
The electric front and rear intake valve take ____________ seconds to fully open or fully close.
15-20
pg. 27
The electric front and rear intake valve may be held closed by hydrant pressure. Partially open the valve before charging supply line.
true or false?
true
pg. 27
The most commonly used valves are ___________________ and ___________________.
TANK TO PUMP, TANK FILL
pg. 28
The ___________________ valve allows booster tank water to be drawn into the pump to be pressurized and discharged.
TANK TO PUMP
pg. 28
If tank water is used and an ___________ __________ is later established, the engineer should refill the booster tank as soon as possible.
external supply
pg. 28
Once hoselines are properly set and there is enough residual pressure, open the _____________________ valve just enough to supply water to the tank without reducing residual pressure.
TANK FILL
pg. 28
When the water supply is from a source other than the booster tank the ____________________
valve must be closed.
TANK TO PUMP
pg. 28
Bleeder valves are installed at each intake and discharge connection to bleed incoming air (intake) or bleed water pressure when __________ ____ __________ (discharge).
taking up lines
pg. 28
Bleeding air from intake lines is critical to avoid loss of ______________.
prime
pg. 28
JFRD engines have a wide range of discharge options ranging from 1” booster line to a 4” LDH discharge.
true or false?
true
pg. 28
Each discharge valve has a corresponding discharge gauge, allowing the engineer to monitor and ______________ pressure to each individual discharge.
adjust
pg. 28
The _______________ ______________ gauge reads the discharge manifold pressure while the remote discharge gauges indicate pressure within that discharge piping and hose line only.
master discharge
pg. 28
Be sure to view the discharge gauge for the line charged when setting PDP.
true or false?
true
pg. 28
Each gauge is of the ___________________ type.
compound
pg. 28
Compound gauges have a pressure scale (_____) and a vacuum scale (___________________ or inHg).
PSI, inches of Mercury
pg. 28
The pressure scales reads from ______________ PSI, and the vacuum scale reads ___________
inches.
0-600, 0 to -30
pg. 28
While the pressure scale is graduated and easy to read, the vacuum scale is not.
true or false?
true
pg. 28
You can accurately measure vacuum at the pump panel.
true or false?
false (cannot)
pg. 28
The threaded plugs between the intake and discharge gauges are only used for ________
______________.
pump testing
pg. 28
A _______________ is required for a centrifugal pump due to the inability of the pump to move air.
primer
pg. 29
A small amount of air inside the pump can prevent a large volume of water from being pumped.
true or false?
true
pg. 29
Activating the primer will remove air from the pump and allow __________________ to increase.
pressure
pg. 29
Once air is removed, the pump is “____________”.
primed
pg. 29
The electric primer is a ____________ ___________
pump driven by a small electric motor, and activated by a pull handle on the pump panel.
rotary vane
pg. 29
Electric Primer
Unlike the centrifugal fire pump, the primer is a _____________ _____________________ pump which can pump air and water.
positive displacement
pg. 29
When the primer is activated it creates a vacuum with the fire pump, removing air so water can enter the pump.
true or false?
true
pg. 29
Newer engines utilize a ____________________ primer activated by pressing a button on the pump panel.
pneumatic
pg. 29
Pneumatic Primer
When activated, you will hear air being discharged from the pump.
true or false?
true
pg. 29
The pneumatic primer will prime the pump in the same manner as the electric primer and within the same time period.
true or false?
true
pg. 29
Engines with front intakes have two primers which should be operated independantly when utilizing the front intake.
true or false?
false. (simultaneously)
pg. 29
If your primer is inoperative there are three alternative methods for bleeding air from the pump.
true or false?
false (two methods)
- partially open deck gun discharge valve
- partially opening TANK FILL valve
pg. 29
When using either of the two alternate methods for bleeding air - these methods may prime the pump faster than using the primer alone.
true or false?
true
pg. 29
Small amounts of air can also be purged by partially opening the ________________ valve.
TANK FILL
pg. 29
Both types of priming pumps draw current from the vehicle charging system. Although you can safely operate the primer at any prssure or RPM, for best performance set the RPM between ________.
1000-1200
pg. 30
